Bureaucracy Journal : Indonesia Journal of Law and Social-Political Governance
type: channel
description: metadata
publisher: Gapenas Publisher
language: en-US
publication name: Bureaucracy Journal : Indonesia Journal of Law and Social-Political Governance
issn: 2797-9598
items: https://www.bureaucracy.gapenas-publisher.org/index.php/home/article/view/737
items: PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS HASIL PERKEBUNAN DI DESA ERA BARU KECAMATAN TELLULIMPOE
items: ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 9 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA (Studi Kasus Di Desa Jayanti Kecamatan Jayanti Kabupaten Tangerang)
items: THE SHADOW IN THE LIBRARY: FAIR DEALING, DIGITAL ENTICEMENT, AND THE BLURRING LINE BETWEEN INFRINGEMENT AND PLAGIARISM IN NIGERIA
items: HUBUNGAN ANTARA NORMA HUKUM PAJAK DENGAN IMPLEMENTASI TAX AMNESTY DI INDONESIA
items: PERENCANAAN DAN PENGENDALIAN OPERASI KEPOLISIAN DALAM MENANGANI UNJUK RASA DI WILAYAH POLRES MOJOKERTO
items: PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KONSUMEN DALAM TRANSAKSI DIGITAL DENGAN MODUS PENIPUAN
items: PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM KONSUMEN DALAM LAYANAN PAYLATER DAN PINJAMAN ONLINE DI INDONESIA
items: IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN MENTERI DALAM NEGERI NOMOR 20 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN PASAR TRADISIONAL (STUDI KASUS PASAR RAU KOTA SERANG)
items: KAJIAN YURIDIS TENTANG DAMPAK PENGARUH IKLAN TERHADAP KONSUMEN
items: EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA GORONTALO NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG KETERTIBAN UMUM
items: IMPLEMENTASI RESTORATIVE JUSTICE SEBAGAI DISKRESI DALAM KASUS PENGANIAYAAN RINGAN DI POLRES MOJOKERTO
items: PERLINDUNGAN TINDAK PIDANA PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA OLEH ANGGOTA KEPOLISIAN (Studi Kasus Nomor: 50/PID/2022/PT.TJK)
items: AKIBAT HUKUM PENOLAKAN AUTOPSI OLELH KELLUARGA DALAM KASUS KEMATIAN TIDAK WAJAR (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN PERKARA NOMOR: 629/PID.B/2021/PN.SEI RAMPAH)
items: IMPLEMENTASI PELAYANAN PUBLIK DALAM PENYALURAN BANTUAN SOSIAL PADA PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN (PKH) BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 13 TAHUN 2011 DI KELURAHAN PANDEGLANG
items: Evaluasi Open Goverment Pada Layanan Perizinan Online Di DPM PTSP Kota Palangkaraya
items: ANALISIS HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN HAK PATEN DALAM ERA DIGITAL: STUDI KASUS PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI BLOCKCHAIN
items: SANKSI HUKUM BAGI PELAKU LAYANAN PENDANAAN DARING ILEGAL
items: PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM OPERASI PENINDAKAN YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH SATUAN BRIMOB PELOPOR
items: PENGARUH PELAYANAN BERBASIS DIGITAL TERHADAP KEGIATAN AKADEMIK DI UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH GORONTALO
items: ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI MOBILE JKN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN BPJS KESEHATAN DI RSUD MALINGPING
items: TINJAUAN NORMATIF TENTANG PERTANGGUNG JAWABAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK DALAM SISTEM HUKUM INDONESIA
items: AMIRAH, SINGLE PARENT: ANTARA DIALEKTIKA DAN NURANI KELUARGA
items: PENEGAKAN HUKUM DALAM TERMINAL PENUMPANG BATU
items: TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL DALAM RUMAH TANGGA DALAM UU No.23 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG PKDRT
items: IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN SERANG NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH (STUDI KASUS DI DESA CIKANDE PERMAI)
items: THE CHILD’S RIGHT TO LIVE: NAVIGATING THE ETHICAL AND LEGAL CROSSROADS OF PARENTAL CONSENT AND MEDICAL NECESSITY IN NIGERIA
items: PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI TERHADAP LIMBAH PRODUKSI DALAM PERSPEKTIF TINDAK PIDANA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP (Studi Putusan Nomor: 5054 K/Pid.Sus-LH/2022)
items: NORMATIVE REVIEW OF LEGAL PROTECTION FOR MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS IN LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES IN INDONESIA (NORMATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS)
items: SANKSI HUKUM TERHADAP PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN
items: KAJIAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PENEGAKAN HUKUM DALAM KASUS PENCABULAN ANAK OLEH PENDIDIK
items: ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN SERANG NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN PERSAMPAHAN (STUDI KASUS DI PASAR CIRUAS KABUPATEN SERANG)
items: EVALUASI KINERJA BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN DEMOKRASI DESA DI DESA BARAMBANG KECAMATAN SINJAI BORONG KABUPATEN SINJAI
items: KUALITAS PELAYANAN E-GOVERNANCE KIOS SIAPKERJA DI BALAI BESAR PELATIHAN VOKASI DAN PRODUKTIVITAS SERANG
items: ANALISIS HUKUM TEHADAP PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN TATA RUANG TERHADAP PENGELOLAHAN LINGKUNGAN BERBASIS AMDAL
items: ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN E-COURT DI PENGADILAN NEGERI JAKARTA UTARA PERIODE 2022- 2023 BERDASARKAN PERATURAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2022 DAN SIYASAH DUSTURIYAH
items: PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM MENANGGULANGI TINDAK PIDANA LALU LINTAS DENGAN PELAKU ANAK DI POLRES MOJOKERTO
items: PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI REMAJA YANG MENJADI KORBAN SEXTORTION (SEKTORSI)
items: DISPARITAS PEMIDANAAN DALAM TINDAK PIDANA ASUSILA TERHADAP ANAK DIBAWAH UMUR: STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN NOMOR 21/PID.SUS/2019/PN PDP DAN 172/PID.SUS/2020/PN SBS
items: IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN TANGERANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK DALAM TINDAK KEKERASAN
items: HUKUM GUGUR KARENA TIGA HAL
items: TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PEMBATALAN SITA EKSEKUSI OLEH BADAN PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSUMEN DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NO 42 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG JAMINAN FIDUSIA
items: KEWAJIBAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI UNDANG-UNDANG NO 22 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN TERHADAP PENGENDARA MOTOR DIBAWAH UMUR DI KABUPATEN NGAWI
items: PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM GEN-Z KORBAN CYBERBULLYING DI PROBOLINGGO MELALUI RESTORATIVE JUSTICE (Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak)
items: TANGGUNGJAWAB DEVELOPER ATAS KERUGIAN KONSUMEN AKIBAT WANPRESTASI DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI RUMAH
items: ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS SIMBG DALAM MENINGKATKAN LAYANAN PERSETUJUAN BANGUNAN GEDUNG DI DPMPTSP KOTA SERANG
items: LEGAL CERTAINTY AND CONTRACTUAL FREEDOM IN INDONESIAN CIVIL LAW: A NORMATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PRINCIPLES OF THE CIVIL CODE AND CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE
items: TANGGUNG JAWAB NEGARA DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP AKTIVITAS EKONOMI PASAR: PERSPEKTIF HUKUM LINGKUNGAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
items: KEPATUHAN PENGENDARA KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI JALAN RAYA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 22 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN
items: KEWENANGAN OPERATOR TERMINAL DALAM PENGAWASAN DAN PENINDAKAN TERHADAP ANGKUTAN LIAR
items: ANALISIS YURIDIS TENTANG GUGATAN TIDAK DAPAT DIEKSEKUSI (NON-EXECUTABLE) DALAM PUTUSAN NOMOR : 23/Pdt.GS/2023/PN Idm
items: PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI SARANA EDUKASI HUKUM: STUDI KASUS AKUN INSTAGRAM SPRIPIM POLDA JATIM (@spripimpoldajatim)
items: ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PELIMPAHAN SEBAGIAN KEWENANGAN BUPATI KEPADA CAMAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI KECAMATAN BALARAJA
items: TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI PUBLIK BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 14 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI PUBLIK
items: UPAYA PENANGANAN SENGKETA KEPEMILIKAN SERTIFIKAT GANDA OLEH BPN DI KABUPATEN GRESIK
items: KEBIJAKAN KETERTIBAN DALAM TERMINAL PENUMPANG HAMID RUSDI
items: PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KESIAPSIAGAAN BENCANA PADA DESTINASI WISATA AIR HITAM DI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
items: Strategi Ekspor Pisang Mas Kabupaten Tanggamus
items: PERAN DINAS PARIWISATA DAN KEBUDAYAAN (DISPARBUD) DALAM PENINGKATAN PAD KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG (STUDI PADA OBYEK WISATA PANTAI CISIIH/PARTA BEACH KECAMATAN CIMANGGU KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG)
items: PERAN BADAN KEHORMATAN DALAM MENJAGA KEDISIPLINAN KEHADIRAN ANGGOTA DPRD KOTA SERANG (STUDI TENTANG MEKANISME ETIK DAN KEPATUHAN PADA RAPAT PARIPURNA)
items: THE ROLE OF GOOD FAITH IN COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS: A NORMATIVE ANALYSIS OF ITS INTERPRETATION AND ENFORCEMENT IN INDONESIAN BUSINESS LAW
items: PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PENUMPANG PADA ANGKUTAN UMUM DITINJAU DARI KELAIKAN JALAN KENDARAAN BERMOTOR
items: EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN SANKSI ADMINISTRATIF PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN NGAWI
items: TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL DALAM APLIKASI SERANG BAHAGIA: UPAYA PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI UPT DUKCAPIL KECAMATAN KRAGILAN KABUPATEN SERANG
items: DAMPAK HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN PASCA OMNIBUS LAW DILANJUT PASCA PUTUSAN MK NO. 168/PUU-XXI/2023 TERHADAP PEKERJA
items: EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM REHABILITASI SOSIAL PENANGANAN GELANDANGAN DAN PENGEMIS PADA DINAS SOSIAL KOTA SERANG
items: PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DALAM PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN
items: TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PENGGUNA JALAN YANG MENGAKIBATKAN TERJADINYA KERUSAKAN JALAN
items: PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2004
items: https://www.bureaucracy.gapenas-publisher.org/index.php/home/article/view/736
items: PERMASALAHAN UPAH MINIMUM TENTANG HIDUP LAYAK, DAYA BELI, DAN DISPARITAS UPAH
items: ANALISIS PENERAPAN PRINSIP GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM PENGENDALIAN ADMINISTRASI DI SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KOTA SERANG
items: MEKANISME PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN HASIL BUMI BERDASARKAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT ADAT OEPERIGI KECAMATAN NOEMUTI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA

https://www.bureaucracy.gapenas-publisher.org/index.php/home/article/view/737
type: item
title: ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA SERANG NOMOR 12 TAHUN 2020 TENTANG PENYELENGGARAAN KETENTRAMAN, KETERTIBAN UMUM DAN PERLINDUNGAN MASYARAKAT (Studi Kasus: Pkl Di Jembatan Aria Wangsakara Kota Serang)
description: Public order and the use of public space are crucial issues in Serang City, especially in the Aria Wangsakara Bridge area. This situation causes aesthetic problems for the city, as well as social unrest, reflecting the ineffective implementation of policies in the field. This study is based on Van Meter and Van Horn's policy implementation theory, which identifies six variables in policy implementation, to assess the extent to which Local Regulation No. 12 of 2020 has been effectively implemented and to identify factors that support or hinder its implementation. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection methods were conducted through interviews, observations, and documentation. Informants involved included the Serang City Satpol PP apparatus, Banjar Agung Village, the Head of RW, and street vendors at the Aria Wangsakara Bridge. The results of the study show that the implementation of the local regulation has not been optimal. The main obstacles include the lack of socialization of the policy to the community, the lack of human resources and supporting facilities, weak coordination between agencies, and inconsistency in the enforcement of sanctions. Although there has been a persuasive approach from the authorities, the results have not been strong enough to bring about a comprehensive change in attitude among street vendors. To improve the effectiveness of the policy, it is necessary to strengthen the capacity of implementers, adopt a participatory approach, and provide alternative locations.
creator: Nadila Oktaviani
creator: Gatot Hartoko
creator: Rizki Amilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nadila Oktaviani, Gatot Hartoko, Rizki Amilia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2494
ending page: 2504
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.737

PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS HASIL PERKEBUNAN DI DESA ERA BARU KECAMATAN TELLULIMPOE
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the role of the New Era Village Government in increasing plantation productivity and identifying the obstacles faced in its implementation. New Era Village, Tellulimpoe District, is an area with considerable plantation potential, with main commodities such as cocoa, cloves, rubber, and coconut. Although there has been an increase in commodity prices from 2022 to 2024, the increase in productivity has not been proportional to this increase. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation, involving key informants such as village government officials, farmer groups, agricultural extension workers, and community leaders. This research was conducted in Era Baru Village, Tellulimpoe District, Sinjai Regency. The results of this study show that the role of the village government in increasing plantation yields, based on the following indicators, is as follows: (1) The role of the village government as a policy implementer has been carried out by providing fertilizer and seeds to farmer groups. (2) The role of the village government as a program implementer has been carried out by increasing the capacity of farmers through training on Biological Control Agents and the Production of Bokashi Compost. (3) The role of the village government as a mentor has been carried out by mentoring 29 Farmer Groups and 1 Joint Farmer Group. Thus, it can be concluded that the village government and farmer groups must
creator: Muh. Amir
creator: Jusniaty Jusniaty
creator: Salman Salman
creator: Ashar Abdillah
creator: Faiz Fakhruddin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Muh. Amir, Jusniaty Jusniaty, Salman Salman, Ashar Abdillah, Faiz Fakhruddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2697
ending page: 2713
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.757

ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 9 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA (Studi Kasus Di Desa Jayanti Kecamatan Jayanti Kabupaten Tangerang)
type: item
description: This study was designed to analyze the implementation of Local Regulation No. 9 of 2014 concerning Villages in the Tangerang Regency, with a case study of Jayanti Village. The main focus was on road infrastructure that had suffered severe damage but had not yet received adequate repairs. This phenomenon is an important issue considering that village roads play a vital role as the main supporting facility for the social and economic activities of the local community. Although the planning process has been carried out through mechanisms such as hamlet meetings (musdus), village meetings (musdes), and development planning meetings (musrenbang), the community's aspirations regarding road infrastructure improvements have not been fully realized. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with village officials, community leaders, and villagers, as well as documentation and direct observation in the field. Data analysis focused on three main variables in policy implementation as proposed by George C. Edward III, namely communication, resources, and disposition, as well as the bureaucratic structure at the village level. This study shows that the implementation of Local Regulation No. 9 of 2014 in Jayanti Village has not reached an optimal level, especially in the context of sustainable road infrastructure development. The discrepancy between the plans developed at the village level and their technical implementation in the field reflects weaknesses in effective supervision and coordination between village governments and relevant agencies. The results of the study show that there are significant obstacles in terms of inter-agency coordination, budget constraints, and inadequate implementation capacity to follow up on the agreed planning results. Therefore, efforts are needed to improve the capacity of village officials, enhance inter-agency cooperation, and improve information to the community so that…
creator: Usia Ramadhan
creator: Gatot Hartoko
creator: Dede Qodrat Alwajir
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Usia Ramadhan, Gatot Hartoko, Dede Qodrat Alwajir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2954
ending page: 2963
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.776

THE SHADOW IN THE LIBRARY: FAIR DEALING, DIGITAL ENTICEMENT, AND THE BLURRING LINE BETWEEN INFRINGEMENT AND PLAGIARISM IN NIGERIA
type: item
description: The advent of the digital era and information age has opened a floodgate for access to information for research purposes and private study. This phenomenon has also increased the rate at which researchers are able to copy other author’s works and abuse the privilege of the fair dealing doctrine provided in section 20(1) of the Nigerian Copyright Act (NCA) 2022. Using the doctrinal approach, this paper examined how the abuses of the fair dealing doctrine has resulted in the twin vices of copyright infringement and plagiarism. The paper examined the differences between copyright infringement and plagiarism, and whether they coalesce under the NCA 2022. It was found that by requiring ‘acknowledgement’ or attribution of copyrighted works for the application of the fair dealing doctrine under section 20(1) of the NCA 2022, the new Act has effectively merged both copyright infringement and plagiarism under our law, especially in view of the enforceability of moral rights under section 14 of the Act.
creator: Michael E. Eigbemekhe
creator: Mathew E. Nwocha
creator: Emmanuel I. Amah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Michael E. Eigbemekhe, Mathew E. Nwocha, Emmanuel I. Amah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3116
ending page: 3136
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.801

HUBUNGAN ANTARA NORMA HUKUM PAJAK DENGAN IMPLEMENTASI TAX AMNESTY DI INDONESIA
type: item
description: The tax amnesty policy is a fiscal legal instrument designed to increase tax compliance, expand the state revenue base, and return taxpayer funds to the country through a mechanism of forgiveness for past tax obligations. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the normative objectives of tax law, as reflected in legal and economic theories and principles, and the reality of tax amnesty implementation in Indonesia. It also examines the relationship between national legal politics and tax amnesty policy as a product of government policy. A juridical-normative and sociological approach shows that, normatively, the tax amnesty is based on the principles of justice, legal certainty, and benefit (Law No. 11 of 2016). However, empirically, its implementation emphasizes short-term fiscal interests rather than fostering taxpayer legal awareness. From a legal-political perspective, this policy represents a compromise between economic needs and legal legitimacy. While fiscally successful, it has not been optimal in achieving long-term tax justice and compliance. Structural and moral reforms are needed to balance das sein and das sollen
creator: Dirga Agung
creator: Lidwina Apriliana Allo Tangko
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dirga Agung, Lidwina Apriliana Allo Tangko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3457
ending page: 3475
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.819

PERENCANAAN DAN PENGENDALIAN OPERASI KEPOLISIAN DALAM MENANGANI UNJUK RASA DI WILAYAH POLRES MOJOKERTO
type: item
description: Demonstrations are a form of public expression guaranteed by Law No. 9 of 1998. However, in practice, they often have the potential to cause disturbances to public security and order if not properly controlled. This study aims to analyze the planning and control of police operations in handling demonstrations in the Mojokerto Police District. The research method used is an empirical juridical approach, with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study show that the Mojokerto Police carry out operational planning based on the principles of prevention, proportionality, and humanism. Operational control is carried out through the implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), cross-sector coordination, and the application of the principle of negotiation before repressive action. The obstacles found include limited personnel resources, infrastructure, and the unpredictable dynamics of the masses. Therefore, strengthening personnel capacity and more effective coordination with relevant parties are strategic steps to optimize police operation control
creator: Firnanda Auliya Zakky
creator: Noenik Soekorini
creator: Moh. Taufik
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Firnanda Auliya Zakky, Noenik Soekorini, Moh. Taufik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3644
ending page: 3656
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.835

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KONSUMEN DALAM TRANSAKSI DIGITAL DENGAN MODUS PENIPUAN
type: item
description: The level of information technology development has encouraged an increase in digital trade transactions through e-commerce platforms, one of which is Shopee. This phenomenon provides convenience for consumers, but it also raises serious issues in the form of criminal fraud and illegal trade that harm society. The urgency of this research lies in the increasing number of digital fraud cases that test the effectiveness of legal regulations, particularly the Consumer Protection Law and the Electronic Information and Transaction Law. This study aims to answer questions about the forms of criminal acts in digital transactions through Shopee and how legal protection is provided to consumers based on Indonesian positive law. This study uses a normative legal research design with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through a literature study, covering primary legal materials in the form of laws and court decisions, as well as secondary legal materials from academic literature. Two Supreme Court decisions, namely Decision Number 109 K/Pid.Sus/2024 and Number 951 K/Pid.Sus/2020, were used as case studies to assess the application of law in digital consumer protection. The analysis was conducted descriptively and analytically by interpreting legal norms and relating them to the context of practice. The results of the study show that digital transactions are prone to being exploited for criminal acts of subsidised price fraud and the distribution of prohibited goods. Legal protection through the UUPK and UU ITE still faces obstacles, particularly in terms of digital evidence, low consumer legal literacy, and limited online dispute resolution mechanisms. This study contributes to expanding the study of consumer protection law by integrating the perspectives of criminal law, cyber law, and jurisprudence. The conclusion of this study emphasises the need for regulatory updates, increased digital literacy, and strengthened obligations for e-commerce platforms to protect cons…
creator: Ridwan Maulana Muhammad
creator: Siti Marwiyah
creator: Renda Aranggraeni
creator: Vallencia Nandya Paramitha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ridwan Maulana Muhammad, Siti Marwiyah, Renda Aranggraeni, Vallencia Nandya Paramitha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2459
ending page: 2471
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.734

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM KONSUMEN DALAM LAYANAN PAYLATER DAN PINJAMAN ONLINE DI INDONESIA
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the forms of legal protection for consumers in services.Buy Now Pay Later (PayLater) and online lending in Indonesia. The primary focus is to identify how existing regulations, such as the Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) and the Personal Data Protection Law, can protect consumers from abusive practices, hidden fees, and the risk of default, and how on-the-ground practices reflect the implementation of these regulations. This study employs a normative juridical method with a conceptual and comparative regulatory approach, supported by qualitative descriptive analysis of secondary data. Data were collected through a review of the latest regulations (POJK No. 10/2022, POJK No. 22/2023, Law No. 27/2022), official OJK reports (SLIK Statistics, APPK, PASTI Task Force), and industry survey results. Research shows that PayLater and online lending services are growing rapidly in Indonesia, driven by the consumer behavior of the younger generation. OJK regulations have provided a protective framework, but their effectiveness is limited to legitimate providers, while misuse of personal data, hidden fees, and aggressive collection practices remain significant issues. This research only uses secondary data from public reports, regulations, and academic literature. This study contributes to the development of legal science and consumer protection by highlighting the urgency of strengthening regulations. The results of this study are useful for regulators (OJK, Kominfo), fintech industry players, academics, and policy makers in formulating more effective consumer protection strategies in the digital financial services sector.
creator: Rahmad Ready Kurniawan
creator: Faisol Faisol
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmad Ready Kurniawan, Faisol https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2650
ending page: 2661
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.753

IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN MENTERI DALAM NEGERI NOMOR 20 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN PASAR TRADISIONAL (STUDI KASUS PASAR RAU KOTA SERANG)
type: item
description: Traditional markets are a vital component of local economies, yet they often face various management and empowerment challenges. Pasar Rau in Kota Serang is one such market with significant economic potential, but it suffers from issues such as disorganized zoning, poor infrastructure, and weak supervision and trader regulation. In this context, the implementation of the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 20 of 2012 is highly relevant to assess the effectiveness of traditional market management. This study aims to analyze how the policy on traditional market management and empowerment is implemented in Pasar Rau, Kota Serang, using the implementation theory of Van Meter and Van Horn. The theory outlines six key indicators: policy standards and objectives, resources, communication among implementers, characteristics of implementing agencies, socio-economic and political environment, and implementer disposition. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation. Informants included officials from the Department of Industry and Trade (Disperindag), market managers from PT. Pesona Banten Persada, as well as traders and visitors. The findings indicate that the policy implementation is not yet optimal. There are obstacles in human resources, ineffective communication, and resistance from traders due to relocation and limited facilities. The rise of digital platforms such as e-commerce also influences traditional market dynamics. In conclusion, the implementation of market management policies in Pasar Rau still faces significant challenges, both internally and externally. Improvements in coordination, human resource capacity, and participatory approaches are essential for sustainable policy execution.
creator: Sherlinda Sherlinda
creator: Gatot Hartoko
creator: Rizki Amilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sherlinda, Gatot Hartoko, Rizki Amilia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2892
ending page: 2916
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.773

KAJIAN YURIDIS TENTANG DAMPAK PENGARUH IKLAN TERHADAP KONSUMEN
type: item
description: The research, entitled "A Legal Study of the Impact of Advertising on Consumers," is motivated by the author's experience purchasing substandard cosmetics due to the influence of advertising on electronic media (television broadcasts) and recent consumer complaints about inaccurate information conveyed in print media advertisements. The purpose of this study is to determine civil liability for consumer losses due to the influence of advertising. This is an empirical study that emphasizes field data; however, it begins with a review of secondary data obtained from the literature. The results reveal that the legal framework for print and electronic media advertising, as stipulated in Article 17 of Law No. 8 of 1999 and the Indonesian Advertising Code of Ethics, is ineffective in protecting consumers from the influence of advertising that uses excessively subjective opinions without supporting facts and is unprofessional. Therefore, it is necessary to immediately establish a Non-Governmental Consumer Protection Agency (NPPA) that can advocate for consumer interests. Government oversight of print and electronic media advertising is needed to ensure business actors are compliant and create a conducive business climate.
creator: Berd Elkiopas Pelupessy
creator: Sella Petrix Pelupessy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Berd Elkiopas Pelupessy, Sella Petrix Pelupessy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3073
ending page: 3085
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.798

EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA GORONTALO NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG KETERTIBAN UMUM
type: item
description: This study aims to evaluate the implementation of Regional Regulation (Perda) Number 1 of 2018 concerning Public Order in Gorontalo City using the CIPP evaluation model (Context, Input, Process, Product) developed by Daniel L. Stufflebeam. The regulation was established to ensure social order and control the increasing number of street beggars, buskers, and street children. However, despite its implementation, the phenomenon continues to rise annually. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, using data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving key stakeholders, including the Social Affairs Office, the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP), and street actors themselves. The results reveal that, based on the Context indicator, the policy was formulated as a response to a real social problem, yet its focus remains limited to law enforcement without addressing structural issues such as poverty, unemployment, and family dysfunction. From the Input perspective, institutional coordination between Satpol PP and the Social Affairs Office exists but lacks sufficient funding, personnel training, and continuous public outreach. The Process dimension indicates that the policy execution is reactive, short-term, and lacks systematic coordination or post-rehabilitation monitoring. The Product evaluation shows that while periodic enforcement actions have been conducted, they have not significantly reduced the number of street beggars and performers, which continues to fluctuate. Overall, the implementation of Perda No. 1 of 2018 has produced administrative compliance but has yet to achieve meaningful social transformation. To enhance policy effectiveness, a shift toward human-centered and empowerment-based approaches is essential, emphasizing cross-sector collaboration, sustainable rehabilitation programs, and inclusive social interventions
creator: Athariq Mokodompit
creator: Umar Sako Baderan
creator: Dian Fitriani Karim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Athariq Mokodompit, Umar Sako Baderan, Dian Fitriani Karim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3403
ending page: 3419
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.816

IMPLEMENTASI RESTORATIVE JUSTICE SEBAGAI DISKRESI DALAM KASUS PENGANIAYAAN RINGAN DI POLRES MOJOKERTO
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the implementation of restorative justice as a form of discretion in the settlement of minor abuse cases at the Mojokerto Police Station, as well as to identify the obstacles encountered in the process. The research method used is a sociological juridical approach with data collection techniques through literature studies and interviews with investigators at the Mojokerto Police Station. The results show that the Mojokerto Police have applied a restorative justice approach to minor assault cases by referring to Perpol No. 8 of 2021 and the provisions of Article 18 of Law No. 2 of 2002 on the Police. This discretion is exercised through penal mediation between the perpetrator and the victim, resulting in a peaceful agreement that leads to the termination of the investigation. However, this process is not without various obstacles, including a lack of public understanding, limited investigator resources, and cultural and administrative barriers. The conclusion of this study confirms that although discretion in the form of restorative justice has become an effective and humane legal solution, institutional strengthening, training of officials, and public education are still needed for its optimal implementation
creator: Muhammad Aditya Kusuma Wijaya
creator: Nur Handayati
creator: M.Syahrul Borman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Aditya Kusuma Wijaya, Nur Handayati, M.Syahrul Borman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3767
ending page: 3795
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.832

PERLINDUNGAN TINDAK PIDANA PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA OLEH ANGGOTA KEPOLISIAN (Studi Kasus Nomor: 50/PID/2022/PT.TJK)
type: item
description: Drug abuse in Indonesia is a serious problem that not only affects public health but also threatens the legitimacy of law enforcement institutions. Cases involving members of the Indonesian National Police (Polri) who have been caught using narcotics are ironic because the very officials who are supposed to be at the forefront of eradication efforts have instead become perpetrators. The urgency of this study lies in the lack of research highlighting the integration of criminal and administrative accountability for Polri officials who commit narcotics crimes. The main questions asked are what forms of criminal and administrative accountability are imposed on members of the Indonesian National Police in cases of drug abuse, and to what extent are legal norms implemented consistently. This study uses a normative legal research design with a qualitative approach. Data was obtained through a literature study by examining primary legal materials in the form of laws and court decisions, as well as secondary legal materials in the form of literature and scientific journals. The analysis was conducted normatively and qualitatively using a legislative and case approach, supported by Satjipto Rahardjo's progressive legal theory and white collar crime theory. The results of the study show a discrepancy between legal norms and practice. The verdict against Tito Satria Perdana bin Supraptono only imposed criminal sanctions, without clarity on the administrative sanctions that should have been applied based on Government Regulation No. 2 of 2003. These findings reveal weak internal supervision within the Indonesian National Police, potential impunity, and declining public trust. In conclusion, narcotics abuse by Polri officers cannot be viewed solely as an individual violation, but rather as an institutional symptom that requires regulatory reform, strengthened supervision, and transparency. Further research is recommended to explore the role of external supervisory institutions i…
creator: Moch. Rafli Ubayidillah
creator: Syahrul Borman
creator: Muhammad Yustino Aribawa
creator: Vieta Imelda Cornelis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Moch. Rafli Ubayidillah, Syahrul Borman, Muhammad Yustino Aribawa, Vieta Imelda Cornelis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2424
ending page: 2435
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.730

AKIBAT HUKUM PENOLAKAN AUTOPSI OLELH KELLUARGA DALAM KASUS KEMATIAN TIDAK WAJAR (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN PERKARA NOMOR: 629/PID.B/2021/PN.SEI RAMPAH)
type: item
description: Forensic autopsies play a crucial role in criminal proceedings because they can reveal the cause of death scientifically and objectively. However, the practice in Indonesia still faces a dilemma when the victim's family refuses to allow an autopsy to be performed. This situation poses a serious problem, given that without an autopsy, the causal relationship between the perpetrator's actions and the victim's death is difficult to prove legally. This study stems from the urgency to understand the position of autopsy in criminal law and to examine the legal consequences that arise when families refuse to allow it to be performed. The main questions to be answered are how the refusal of an autopsy affects the quality of criminal evidence and what the legal consequences are for court decisions. The research method used is normative juridical with a case approach, through a study of legislation, doctrine, and court decisions, particularly the Sei Rampah District Court Decision Number 629/Pid.B/2021/PN.Sei Rampah. Primary legal materials were obtained from the Criminal Code, Criminal Procedure Code, and Health Law, while secondary legal materials were obtained from academic literature and previous research. The analysis was conducted qualitatively, focusing on the relationship between legal norms, judicial practice, and the implications of refusing an autopsy. The results of the study show that the refusal of an autopsy by the victim's family has a direct impact on the weakness of criminal evidence. Judges cannot scientifically determine the cause of death, so defendants are often only sentenced on lesser subsidiary charges. These findings confirm a legal loophole in the Criminal Procedure Code, which only regulates notification to families without regulating the mechanism in the event of refusal. The conclusion of this study confirms that existing regulations are insufficient to address the dilemma between the rights of the victim's family and the public interest in uphol…
creator: Radar Wijaya
creator: Noenik Soekorini
creator: Dedi Wardana Nasoetion
creator: Moh. Taufik
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Radar Wijaya, Noenik Soekorini, Dedi Wardana Nasoetion, Moh. Taufik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2613
ending page: 2624
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.750

IMPLEMENTASI PELAYANAN PUBLIK DALAM PENYALURAN BANTUAN SOSIAL PADA PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN (PKH) BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 13 TAHUN 2011 DI KELURAHAN PANDEGLANG
type: item
description: Based on Law Number 13 of 2011 concerning the Handling of the Poor, the purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of community assistance in the study of Social Assistance through the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Pandeglang Village. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected using semi-structured observation, non- participatory analysis, and document analysis. Information includes PKH facilitators, village officials, and beneficiaries. This study shows that although PKH implementation has followed procedures and laws and regulations, several technical, administrative, and social problems remain. First and foremost, these include a lack of public understanding of the assistance process and human resources, inadequate Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS), and suboptimal communication between relevant parties. Inter- agency coordination, preventive activities, and government cooperation are supporting elements. Based on the research findings, although PKH has been implemented in Pandeglang Village, its effectiveness has not been fully realized. Improvements made include increasing public awareness of the rights and obligations of recipients of assistance, clear and concise presentation of the DTKS (Disability Report), and improving the social capacity of facilitators. This study offers theoretical contributions related to public policy implementation and practical recommendations to maximize the quality of social services.
creator: Heni Nuraeni
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Rizki Amilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Heni Nuraeni, Try Adhi Bangsawan, Rizki Amilia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2856
ending page: 2865
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.770

Evaluasi Open Goverment Pada Layanan Perizinan Online Di DPM PTSP Kota Palangkaraya
type: item
description: The application of Open Government principles in online licensing services aims to increase transparency, participation, and accountability in public services. This study evaluates Open Government in online licensing services at the Palangka Raya City Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Agency (DPMPTSP) through the Online Single Submission (OSS) system. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the study analyzed six key aspects based on William N. Dunn's evaluation theory: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and accuracy. The research findings indicate that the OSS system successfully increased the efficiency of the licensing process with fast turnaround times (1-5 days) and more open access to information, supported by outreach and technical assistance. However, challenges such as low digital literacy among the public (especially the elderly), gaps in technology access, and delays in verification still hamper optimization. These results emphasize the need for improved digital infrastructure, human resource training, and inclusive outreach to strengthen the implementation of Open Government principles.
creator: Rusita Rusita
creator: Sadar Sadar
creator: Riban Satia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rusita, Sadar, Riban Satia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3058
ending page: 3072
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.793

ANALISIS HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN HAK PATEN DALAM ERA DIGITAL: STUDI KASUS PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI BLOCKCHAIN
type: item
description: The digital era has driven significant transformation in intellectual property rights protection, including patent rights. The emergence of blockchain technology with its characteristics of decentralization, immutability, and transparency offers new opportunities to strengthen patent rights protection, but also raises legal challenges related to validity, jurisdiction, and data privacy. This study aims to analyze the legal consequences of patent infringement in the digital era and examine the potential application of blockchain technology in the patent protection system in Indonesia. The method used is normative juridical with a legislative approach and qualitative analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. The results of the study show that blockchain has great potential in creating a more efficient and transparent patent protection mechanism, but its implementation requires legal reform and recognition of digital evidence. This study emphasizes the need for an adaptive and integrative legal framework so that patent protection in Indonesia can be responsive to developments in digital technology
creator: Anggreany Arief
creator: Andi Istiana Inayah Dwi Putri
creator: Indrahayu Umar Gazali
creator: Asmah Asmah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Anggreany Arief, Andi Istiana Inayah Dwi Putri, Indrahayu Umar Gazali, Asmah Asmah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3358
ending page: 3366
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.813

SANKSI HUKUM BAGI PELAKU LAYANAN PENDANAAN DARING ILEGAL
type: item
description: This study aims to examine the elements of criminal acts committed by perpetrators of illegal online financing services in Indonesia. With the rapid development of financial technology (fintech), online funding services have become an alternative for the public to access financing. However, the proliferation of illegal online funding services operating without permission from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) has given rise to various legal and social problems, such as misuse of personal data, extortion, and unethical collection practices. This study uses a normative juridical method with a legislative, conceptual, and case approach to analyze the legal sanctions that can be imposed based on the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (EIT Law) and the Criminal Code (KUHP).
creator: Nurhayati Nurhayati
creator: Ernu Widodo
creator: Sri Astutik
creator: Subekti Subekti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nurhayati Nurhayati, Ernu Widodo, Sri Astutik, Subekti Subekti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3568
ending page: 3579
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.829

PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM OPERASI PENINDAKAN YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH SATUAN BRIMOB PELOPOR
type: item
description: This research is motivated by the urgency of protecting human rights (HR) in every law enforcement operation conducted by the Indonesian Police, particularly the Mobile Brigade (Brimob) Pelopor Unit. The research problems focus on how the legal procedures of enforcement operations are carried out and the potential human rights violations that may occur. This study employs a normative juridical method with a statutory approach, supported by empirical data from observations and interviews. The findings indicate that Brimob enforcement operations are regulated by several legal instruments, including Law No. 2 of 2002 on the Indonesian National Police, Police Regulation (Perkap) No. 1 of 2009 on the Use of Force, Perkap No. 8 of 2009 on the Implementation of Human Rights Principles, and Perkap No. 2 of 2019 on Riot Control. The implementation consists of three stages: planning, execution, and evaluation, with legality, necessity, and proportionality as guiding principles. However, the potential for human rights violations remains, particularly in cases of excessive use of force, restrictions on freedom of assembly, and weak accountability mechanisms. Therefore, strengthening human rights-based training, independent supervision, and strict internal accountability are essential to ensure that enforcement operations remain consistent with the rule of law and the protection of human rights
creator: Muhammad Rulis
creator: Hartoyo Hartoyo
creator: Dedi Wardana N
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Rulis, Hartoyo Hartoyo, Dedi Wardana N https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3842
ending page: 3867
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.847

PENGARUH PELAYANAN BERBASIS DIGITAL TERHADAP KEGIATAN AKADEMIK DI UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH GORONTALO
type: item
description: This study examines the effect of digital-based services on academic activities at Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo. The rapid development of digital technology in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has significantly influenced public services, including higher education institutions. This research employs a quantitative associative approach with a sample of 98 students selected from a population of 3,800 using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using validity and reliability tests, correlation analysis, and simple linear regression. The findings reveal that digital-based services have a positive but weak and statistically insignificant relationship with academic activities, as indicated by a regression coefficient of 0.382 and a significance value of 0.052. The weak influence is primarily due to limited student digital literacy, dependence on electricity infrastructure, and unstable internet access. These challenges hinder the optimization of digital services in supporting academic processes. The study suggests the need for continuous digital literacy training, improved infrastructure, reliable internet access, and collaboration with service providers to enhance the effectiveness of digital-based academic services.
creator: Muslim Panigoro
creator: Muh. Firyal Akbar
creator: Robin Pakudu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Muslim Panigoro,Muh. Firyal Akbar,Robin Pakudu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2730
ending page: 2747
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.746

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI MOBILE JKN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN BPJS KESEHATAN DI RSUD MALINGPING
type: item
description: This study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of using the JKN mobile application and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in using the JKN mobile application in improving BPJS Kesehatan services at Malingping Regional General Hospital. This study used a descriptive qualitative research design. The results of this study indicate that the use of the JKN mobile application at Malingping Regional General Hospital has a positive impact in facilitating access to services, speeding up the service process, streamlining service time, reducing queues, and helping to ease the workload of service officers. However, several challenges were still found, such as limited digital literacy among the elderly, technical constraints in the application, and delays in doctor appointments that did not match the schedule. Nevertheless, there are supporting factors, including service officers who provide direct education to patients and service features on the application, including the use of the online queue feature. Overall, the use of Mobile JKN at Malingping Regional General Hospital is quite effective in improving BPJS Kesehatan services, but optimization is still needed, especially in terms of assisting elderly users, technological infrastructure, and coordination between the regional general hospital and doctors regarding service schedules.
creator: Ananda Fajar Pamungkas
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Dede Qodrat Al Wajir
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ananda Fajar Pamungkas, Try Adhi Bangsawan, Dede Qodrat Al Wajir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2820
ending page: 2830
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.767

TINJAUAN NORMATIF TENTANG PERTANGGUNG JAWABAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK DALAM SISTEM HUKUM INDONESIA
type: item
description: The massive use of social media has revolutionised the communication patterns of modern society, while also presenting serious challenges in the field of criminal law, particularly in relation to defamation. This phenomenon becomes even more complex when the legal norms that govern it, namely the Criminal Code (KUHP) and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE), do not provide an explicit definition of the elements of ‘insult’ or ‘defamation’ in the digital space. As a result, there is ambiguity in legal interpretation, leading to inconsistencies in the application of criminal sanctions by law enforcement agencies and courts. The surge in reports of defamation cases through social media is driven by high user accessibility and low digital literacy, which has a broad impact on the psychology of victims, loss of professional reputation, and even the disintegration of social relations. This study uses a normative juridical approach to critically examine the effectiveness of criminal sanctions against perpetrators of defamation through social media. The analysis is conducted on relevant court decisions, linked to the principles of criminal law, developments in information technology, and international human rights principles. This study also raises a comparative study with the German and Australian legal systems to evaluate the proportionality and accountability in imposing criminal sanctions for similar offences. The results of the study show that there is an urgency to harmonise regulations that are more adaptive to the digital context, in order to create substantive justice that not only protects individual reputation but also guarantees freedom of expression in a democratic country. These findings are expected to contribute strategically to the development of Indonesian criminal law that is responsive to the dynamics of digital communication and the need for balanced legal protection
creator: Afi Bayu Krisnawan
creator: Hartoyo Hartoyo
creator: Dedi Wardana Nasoetion
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Afi Bayu Krisnawan, Hartoyo Hartoyo, Dedi Wardana Nasoetion https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3304
ending page: 3315
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.787

AMIRAH, SINGLE PARENT: ANTARA DIALEKTIKA DAN NURANI KELUARGA
type: item
description: This study explores the life dynamics of Amirah, a single mother who serves as the primary economic and emotional support for her extended family. Amirah is responsible not only for her two children but also for her siblings and nieces and nephews. Her economic activity as a street food vendor selling bakso pecel from her home porch symbolizes a micro-level class struggle, where family survival is sustained through perseverance, empathy, and familial solidarity. The aim of this research is to understand how Amirah negotiates her social position within the dialectics between economic struggle and family conscience, as well as how values of empathy and social responsibility shape the stability of her life. The study employs a qualitative approach using direct observation (fieldwork) and library research as the basis for a socio-empirical analysis. The findings indicate that although Amirah’s economic condition remains relatively static due to the heavy family burden, she manages to sustain her family’s livelihood through social strategies rooted in empathy and personal relationships with her customers. The dialectic between the desire for upward social mobility and the awareness of family responsibility forms the core dynamic reflecting the social reality of the lower class within a domestic economic context.
creator: Fatawi Fatawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Fatawi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-11
publication date: 2025-11-11
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3279
ending page: 3288
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.809

PENEGAKAN HUKUM DALAM TERMINAL PENUMPANG BATU
type: item
description: This research examines law enforcement at the Batu Passenger Terminal using an empirical legal approach. Its objectives are to analyze the regulation of passenger terminals from both a normative and theoretical perspective and to identify the forms of law enforcement that are implemented. The findings indicate that terminal regulation in Indonesia is comprehensive, based on Law Number 22 of 2009 and the Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 24 of 2021. Theoretically, these regulations reflect the principles of legal positivism (law as a formal rule), sociological jurisprudence (law must be relevant to social needs), natural law (law based on morality and justice), and progressive law (law must be adaptive). These regulations cover terminal classification, facility standards, and obligations for all parties. The forms of law enforcement are multidimensional, consisting of criminal sanctions for serious violations (such as not stopping at a terminal), administrative sanctions for operational and service violations, and preventive and repressive actions in the field. This study concludes that law enforcement at terminals is not merely focused on imposing penalties but is a holistic effort to create a safe, orderly, and just transportation system
creator: Setya Widji Santosa
creator: Ernu Widodo
creator: Muhammad Yustino Ariwibawa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Setya Widji Santosa, Ernu Widodo, Muhammad Yustino Ariwibawa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3539
ending page: 3547
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.826

TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL DALAM RUMAH TANGGA DALAM UU No.23 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG PKDRT
type: item
description: This study examines the criminal act of sexual violence within the household as regulated in Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence (PKDRT Law). Sexual violence constitutes a violation of human rights that frequently occurs in domestic spaces and reflects an unequal power relation between perpetrator and victim. This research applies a normative juridical method with conceptual and statutory approaches. The findings reveal that sexual violence in the household is not limited to forced sexual intercourse but also includes coercion of deviant sexual practices and forced sexual relations with third parties. The PKDRT Law explicitly prohibits sexual violence under Article 5(c) and Article 8, and stipulates criminal sanctions under Articles 46–48, with penalties ranging up to 20 years imprisonment or fines of up to IDR 500,000,000. However, the study identifies inconsistencies in sanction provisions, particularly regarding minimum and maximum penalties. The research underscores the need for consistent law enforcement, gender-sensitive perspectives, and victim-centered approaches to ensure that the objectives of the PKDRT Law providing protection and preserving family integrity can be fully realized.
creator: Wildya Laila Sholihati
creator: Syahrul Anwar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Wildya Laila Sholihati, Syahrul Anwar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3734
ending page: 3750
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.843

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN SERANG NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH (STUDI KASUS DI DESA CIKANDE PERMAI)
type: item
description: The issue of waste is a major problem faced in many locations, including Cikande Permai Village, located in Cikande District. With the increase in population and social activities, the volume of waste produced has also increased rapidly, while the available waste management system is still not functioning efficiently. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of Policy No. 3 of 2019 concerning Waste Management based on the George C. Edward III model. A qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation is the technique or research method used in this study. The analysis was conducted based on Edward III's model, which consists of communication, resources, implementer disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This study shows that the implementation of the policy is not yet completely free from obstacles, such as a lack of formal communication, human resources, and facilities. Even so, community initiatives and local participation are beginning to grow. It is recommended that technical training, institutional strengthening, and cross-sector coordination be provided so that policy implementation can be more effective and sustainable.
creator: Zepanya Manurung
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Eli Apud Saepudin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Zepanya Manurung, Try Adhi Bangsawan, Eli Apud Saepudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2544
ending page: 2555
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.741

THE CHILD’S RIGHT TO LIVE: NAVIGATING THE ETHICAL AND LEGAL CROSSROADS OF PARENTAL CONSENT AND MEDICAL NECESSITY IN NIGERIA
type: item
description: The doctrine of informed consent, a cornerstone of medical ethics, empowers competent individuals to steer their own healthcare journey. However, this principle faces a profound ethical crucible when applied to minors, whose autonomy is legally entrusted to parents or guardians. This delegation of authority becomes a matter of life and death when parental decisions, often rooted in sincere religious conviction, directly threaten a child’s survival. This paper argues that Nigerian jurisprudence has decisively established a hierarchy of rights where the preservation of a child’s life supersedes absolute parental autonomy. Through a comprehensive doctrinal analysis of statutory frameworks and pivotal case law, most notably the landmark Supreme Court decision in Esabunor & Anor. v. Dr. Tunde Faweya & Ors, this paper chronicles the legal evolution from parental absolutism to the state’s protective parens patriae role. It explores the delicate balance between the constitutional rights to religious freedom and the inviolable right to life, particularly for society’s most vulnerable. The paper concludes that the “best interests of the child” standard, with the right to life as its paramount component, must remain the unwavering compass guiding medical consent for minors in Nigeria. It recommends further legislative clarity and clinical guidelines to support healthcare providers navigating these agonizing dilemmas.
creator: Aneke Chiagozie Victor
creator: Benjamin Igwenyi
creator: Kevin O. Udude
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aneke Chiagozie Victor,Benjamin Igwenyi,Kevin O. Udude https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2778
ending page: 2788
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.764

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI TERHADAP LIMBAH PRODUKSI DALAM PERSPEKTIF TINDAK PIDANA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP (Studi Putusan Nomor: 5054 K/Pid.Sus-LH/2022)
type: item
description: This research discusses: "CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR PRODUCTION WASTE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES (Study of Decision Number: 5054 K/Pid.Sus- LH/2022)". This study presents two main problems, namely: 1. How is the criminal liability of corporations and corporate managers in Decision Number 5054 K/Pid.Sus-LH/2022 based on the principle of strict liability and the principle of vicarious liability?, 2. How is the urgency of strengthening criminal liability for managers or leaders in corporations, in order to create a deterrent effect and prevent environmental crimes from occurring? The objectives of the study are: 1. To determine the criminal liability of corporations and corporate managers in Decision Number 5054 K/Pid.Sus- LH/2022 related to environmental pollution crimes through the approach of the principle of strict liability and the principle of vicarious liability. 2. To examine the urgency of strengthening criminal liability for managers or leaders in corporations in order to create a deterrent effect, increase legal compliance, and prevent the recurrence of criminal acts of pollution or environmental destruction by business entities in the future. This study uses a normative juridical research approach with the specifications of the statutory approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The results of the study show that: 1. In Decision Number 5054 K / Pid.Sus-LH / 2022 there is a lack of law enforcement in the use of articles already available in the Environmental Protection and Management Law Number 32 of 2009 where Article 116 paragraph 1 point b and Article 116 paragraph 2 and Article 117 are not used in the decision. then the Supreme Court only uses the principle of strict liability to ensnare the corporation (PT. SASS) as the perpetrator of environmental crimes. Meanwhile, the managers or leaders of corporations who give orders or lead activities are not held criminally responsible even though it is regulated in Article 116 par…
creator: Wahyu Mustariyanto
creator: Redyana Lutfianidha
creator: Maryuliyanto Maryuliyanto
creator: Fitria Putri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Wahyu Mustariyanto, Redyana Lutfianidha, Maryuliyanto, Fitria Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2991
ending page: 3010
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.780

NORMATIVE REVIEW OF LEGAL PROTECTION FOR MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS IN LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES IN INDONESIA (NORMATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS)
type: item
description: This study provides a normative legal analysis of the protection of minority shareholders in limited liability companies (Perseroan Terbatas/PT) in Indonesia. Minority shareholders often face unequal treatment due to the dominance of majority shareholders in decision-making, leading to potential abuse and neglect of their rights. Using a doctrinal approach, the research examines the legal framework under Law No. 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Companies and related regulations, focusing on mechanisms such as derivative suits, company dissolution rights, accountability of directors and commissioners, and access to information. The analysis reveals that while Indonesia’s legal system formally recognizes these protections, their practical enforcement is hindered by high ownership thresholds, judicial inconsistency, lengthy litigation processes, and limited shareholder awareness. Comparative perspectives from jurisdictions such as the United States, United Kingdom, Singapore, and Malaysia highlight Indonesia’s need to strengthen its enforcement mechanisms and corporate governance practices. The study concludes that lowering procedural barriers, enhancing judicial consistency, promoting alternative dispute resolution, and improving legal literacy are crucial to ensuring effective protection of minority shareholders. Strengthening these protections not only guarantees fairness for shareholders but also contributes to investor confidence and sustainable corporate development in Indonesia.
creator: Emmi Rahmiwita Nasution
creator: Dwi Saleha
creator: Iin Inayah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emmi Rahmiwita Nasution, Dwi Saleha, Iin Inayah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3216
ending page: 3229
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.806

SANKSI HUKUM TERHADAP PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN
type: item
description: This normative juridical study analyzes legal sanctions for road traffic and transport violations as a vital instrument for achieving public order and safety. The research examines the legal foundation, forms of violations, and the effectiveness of sanctions regulated in Law Number 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Transport (LLAJ Law). The analysis indicates that violations are a multidimensional issue caused not only by individual factors but also by inconsistent law enforcement and social culture. The study asserts that sanctions, whether in the form of administrative fines or imprisonment, serve to provide a deterrent effect, reduce accident rates, and strengthen legal certainty. Although the regulatory framework exists, its implementation on the ground still faces challenges such as collusion and limited resources. As a recommendation, this study proposes a transformation in law enforcement through digitalization (electronic traffic ticketing/ETLE system), enhanced transparency, and the implementation of a demerit point system for driver's licenses. These measures aim to build a sustainable culture of traffic discipline and increase public trust in the justice system
creator: Sunarto Sunarto
creator: Wahyu Prawesthi
creator: M. Syahrul Borman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sunarto Sunarto, Wahyu Prawesthi, M. Syahrul Borman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3513
ending page: 3517
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.823

KAJIAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PENEGAKAN HUKUM DALAM KASUS PENCABULAN ANAK OLEH PENDIDIK
type: item
description: This research aims to analyze law enforcement in cases of child molestation by educators, with a specific study on the Decision of the District Court of Sidoarjo Number 203/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Sda. The research method applied is normative legal research with a case approach and a statutory approach. The results indicate that judges, in rendering decisions, consider not only juridical aspects but also philosophical, sociological, and psychological aspects in order to realize justice, legal certainty, and legal benefit. The conclusion emphasizes that legal protection for children who are victims of molestation by educators still requires stronger regulations, consistent law enforcement, and more comprehensive preventive policies
creator: Latu Rangga Mito Sejati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Latu Rangga Mito Sejati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3690
ending page: 3696
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.839

ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN SERANG NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN PERSAMPAHAN (STUDI KASUS DI PASAR CIRUAS KABUPATEN SERANG)
type: item
description: This study stems from the issue of environmental pollution related to waste. Proper waste management will become a serious problem in the future, because environmental sustainability is also affected by waste issues. Global concern regarding environmental damage is inevitable, thus affecting climate change that is difficult for countries around the world to avoid. This study aims to determine the implementation of Serang Regency Regulation Number 3 of 2019 concerning Waste Management at Ciruas Market in Serang Regency. The research method used in this study is qualitative with a descriptive approach to provide an overview of how the regional regulation is implemented at Ciruas Market. This study uses Edward III's theory on policy implementation. The results of the study show that, in general, the Serang Regency local government has made efforts to implement the Regional Regulation on Waste Management. However, it has not achieved maximum results. Therefore, efforts and commitment are needed to address the waste problem. Furthermore, the implementation of this local regulation faces obstacles in terms of facilities and infrastructure, human resources, and public awareness regarding waste reduction. Even though there are supporting factors, where the local government has designated waste issues as a strategic program in Serang Regency.
creator: Jihan Lutfiah
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Rizki Amilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jihan Lutfiah, Try Adhi Bangsawan, Rizki Amilia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2505
ending page: 2517
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.738

EVALUASI KINERJA BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN DEMOKRASI DESA DI DESA BARAMBANG KECAMATAN SINJAI BORONG KABUPATEN SINJAI
type: item
description: This study aims to evaluate the performance of the Village Consultative Body (BPD) in implementing village democracy in Barambang Village, Sinjai Borong Subdistrict, Sinjai Regency. The BPD has a strategic role in village administration, namely legislative, supervisory, and community aspiration absorption functions. However, in its implementation, there are still various obstacles, such as low community participation, suboptimal oversight functions, and weak coordination with the village government. This study uses a qualitative approach with a participatory method. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The main informants include BPD members, the village head, community leaders, and villagers. The evaluation is based on input, process, output, and outcome performance indicators. The results of the study show that the Barambang Village Council has performed its functions quite well. In its legislative function, the Village Council has consistently established five village regulations during the 2022-2023 period, covering the Village Budget (APBDesa), Village Work Plan (RKPDesa), and amendments to the Village Budget, with an increase in productivity from two regulations (2022) to three regulations (2023). The function of absorbing aspirations was carried out through a structured mechanism with a good documentation and follow-up system, supported by 16 coordination meetings during the 2022-2024 period. The supervisory function was carried out comprehensively, from planning to the realization of village government activities with coordination.
creator: Supriadi Supriadi
creator: Jusniaty Jusniaty
creator: Mursak Mursak
creator: Ashar Abdillah
creator: Adi Nawir
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Supriadi Supriadi, Jusniaty Jusniaty, Mursak Mursak, Ashar Abdillah, Adi Nawir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2714
ending page: 2728
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.758

KUALITAS PELAYANAN E-GOVERNANCE KIOS SIAPKERJA DI BALAI BESAR PELATIHAN VOKASI DAN PRODUKTIVITAS SERANG
type: item
description: Advances in information technology have driven digital transformation, particularly in public services, including the employment sector. The Indonesian Ministry of Manpower has designed SIAPkerja as a digital ecosystem that integrates employment services at the Technical Implementation Unit of the Serang Productivity Vocational Training Center. However, the implementation of digital services still faces obstacles, particularly in terms of public digital literacy. The SIAPkerja kiosk serves as a service facility to facilitate digital access. This study aims to evaluate the quality of the SIAPkerja kiosk service and identify the factors that support and hinder digital services through the SIAPkerja application.This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach based on the Service Quality model developed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry 1990. This model includes five dimensions of service quality assessment, namely Tangibles (physical evidence), Reliability (dependability), Responsiveness (responsiveness), Assurance (assurance), and Empathy (empathy). Data collection techniques involved in-depth interviews with management, service officers, prospective participants, and training alumni. The findings show that, in general, the quality of SIAPkerja Kios service is good in terms of physical facilities and assistance from officers. Supporting factors include responsiveness, completeness of facilities, and dissemination of information on social media. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include the low level of digital literacy among users and the lack of accessible self-guided media. Therefore, continuous digital education and strengthening the role of Kios as a digital literacy center are needed so that the community can access E-Governance services independently and sustainably.
creator: Wulan Martalia
creator: Gatot Hartoko
creator: Eli Apud Saepudin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Wulan Martalia, Gatot Hartoko, Eli Apud Saepudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2964
ending page: 2974
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.777

ANALISIS HUKUM TEHADAP PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN TATA RUANG TERHADAP PENGELOLAHAN LINGKUNGAN BERBASIS AMDAL
type: item
description: Spatial planning policy plays a fundamental role in directing sustainable development and ensuring balance between land use and environmental protection. This study aims to analyze the influence of spatial planning policy on the effectiveness of environmental management based on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), focusing on the integration between Regional Spatial Plans (RTRW), Detailed Spatial Plans (RDTR), and EIA within Indonesia’s legal and institutional framework. The research employed a juridical-normative approach supported by contextual analysis of institutional data and environmental planning documents in North Sulawesi Province. The analysis was conducted through legal document review, normative interpretation, and policy comparison across levels of government. The results show that integration between RTRW/RDTR and EIA remains ineffective due to regulatory disharmony, weak institutional coordination, and limited spatial data availability. The functional relationship between Approval of Spatial Utilization Conformity and Environmental Approval, which should be sequential, often operates separately in practice. The analytical model indicates that spatial data readiness and institutional capacity have a direct influence on policy integration effectiveness, while cross-sectoral coordination serves as a mediating factor that strengthens inter-agency synergy. These findings emphasize the need for regulatory harmonization, institutional strengthening, and the acceleration of the One Map Policy implementation as a foundation for evidence-based decision-making. This study contributes to the understanding of adaptive and ecologically just environmental governance within Indonesia’s spatial planning system.
creator: Fatimah Hs
creator: Pinkan Jonike Kurenteng
creator: Injil Yesika Krisia Pangemanan
creator: Andini Dewi Thomas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Fatimah Hs, Pinkan Jonike Kurenteng, Injil Yesika Krisia Pangemanan, Andini Dewi Thomas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3137
ending page: 3157
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.802

ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN E-COURT DI PENGADILAN NEGERI JAKARTA UTARA PERIODE 2022- 2023 BERDASARKAN PERATURAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2022 DAN SIYASAH DUSTURIYAH
type: item
description: This thesis discusses the influence of the use of e-Court and its administrative effectiveness in the context of cultural transition from conventional to virtual trials. This change caused two reactions in the community that was previously used to conventional hearings , so it was necessary to adapt to the online system. These two reactions are used as the basis for the author's analysis of the e-Court mechanism from the perspective of siyasah dusturiyah. The purpose of this study is to find out the Analysis of the Use of E-Court and administrative arrangements in the North Jakarta District Court for the 2022-2023 Period Based on Supreme Court Regulation Number 7 of 2022. As well as analyzing the Use of E-Court in the North Jakarta District Court for the 2022-2023 Period Based on Siyasah Dusturiyah. This research uses a library research method with a normative-conceptual approach. Data collection was carried out through a systematic literature search of legal materials and academic studies. The data sources in the research were obtained from PERMA, Islamic legal literature, books, journals, and relevant articles. This study found that the use of e-Court in the North Jakarta District Court was in accordance with Perma No. 7 of 2022, starting from account registration, payment of case fees through virtual accounts, to setting trial schedules. For optimization, the North Jakarta District Court developed Sidilantara, Sigesittapus, and PASTI which accelerate administration, although system improvements, training, and digital security are still needed. From the perspective of siyasah dusturiyah, the implementation of e-Court (2022–2023) reflects the modernization of the judiciary that is in line with Islamic values and Pancasila, supporting justice, transparency, and public benefit in accordance with maqashid al-shariah, but still requires increasing digital literacy, data protection, and adaptation of legal culture
creator: Syifa Paujiah
creator: Abdur Rahim
creator: Siti Ngainnur Rohmah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Syifa Paujiah, Abdur Rahim, Siti Ngainnur Rohmah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3476
ending page: 3495
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.820

PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM MENANGGULANGI TINDAK PIDANA LALU LINTAS DENGAN PELAKU ANAK DI POLRES MOJOKERTO
type: item
description: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya tindak pidana lalu lintas yang melibatkan anak di bawah umur yang tidak hanya merugikan korban, tetapi juga berdampak pada masa depan pelaku. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana penerapan restorative justice dalam penanganan tindak pidana lalu lintas dengan pelaku anak di Polres Mojokerto serta kendala yang dihadapi dalam penerapannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan restorative justice di Polres Mojokerto dilakukan dengan mengutamakan musyawarah antara korban, pelaku, dan keluarga dengan tujuan pemulihan keadaan semula serta menghindari dampak negatif pemidanaan bagi anak. Namun, pelaksanaannya masih menghadapi kendala berupa kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat mengenai konsep restorative justice, adanya tekanan emosional dari pihak korban, serta keterbatasan sumber daya aparat dalam memfasilitasi proses mediasi. Kesimpulan penelitian menegaskan bahwa restorative justice dapat menjadi alternatif penyelesaian perkara yang lebih humanis bagi anak, tetapi membutuhkan dukungan regulasi, sosialisasi, dan peningkatan kapasitas aparat
creator: Ariq Deji Artajaya
creator: Vieta Imelda Cornelis
creator: Vallencia Nandya Paramita
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ariq Deji Artajaya, Vieta Imelda Cornelis, Vallencia Nandya Paramita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3795
ending page: 3808
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.836

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI REMAJA YANG MENJADI KORBAN SEXTORTION (SEKTORSI)
type: item
description: The incidence of sextortion as a form of digital sexual violence is increasing in line with the development of information technology and the use of social media by teenagers. The characteristics of sextortion, which combines extortion with sexual exploitation, make it a crime with serious psychological, social and legal implications. However, the Indonesian criminal justice system does not yet have specific regulations governing this act, so law enforcement officials often charge perpetrators under general provisions in the Criminal Code, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, the Pornography Law, and the Law on the Eradication of Sexual Violence. This normative gap raises the main research question: to what extent are existing regulations able to provide effective legal protection for adolescent victims of sextortion? This study aims to analyse the applicable legal framework, identify normative weaknesses in the handling of sextortion, and assess the extent to which victims' rights are accommodated in national regulations. The research method used is a normative approach with a doctrinal legal research type. Legal materials were collected through a literature study covering legislation, academic literature, and scientific articles, then analysed qualitatively and descriptively with reference to legal protection theory and the principle of justice. The results of the study show that although there are a number of legal instruments that can be used, there is no single regulation that specifically regulates sextortion. The legal protection provided through the TPKS Law and the Witness and Victim Protection Law has granted important rights, such as restitution, compensation, and the right to be forgotten, but its implementation still faces normative and technical obstacles. This study contributes by emphasising the urgency of establishing specific regulations on sextortion to fill the legal void, strengthen victim protection, and expand preventive digital li…
creator: Hana Cindar Sukma Riyanti Ningsih
creator: Subekti Subekti
creator: Fitri Ayuningtiyas
creator: Wahyu Prawesthi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Hana Cindar Sukma Riyanti Ningsih, Subekti, Fitri Ayuningtiyas, Wahyu Prawesthi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2472
ending page: 2484
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.735

DISPARITAS PEMIDANAAN DALAM TINDAK PIDANA ASUSILA TERHADAP ANAK DIBAWAH UMUR: STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN NOMOR 21/PID.SUS/2019/PN PDP DAN 172/PID.SUS/2020/PN SBS
type: item
description: Indonesia, as a state based on law as stipulated in Article 1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, is obliged to guarantee the protection of human rights, including the rights of children as a vulnerable group. Child protection is reinforced through Article 28B of the 1945 Constitution and Law No. 35 of 2014 in conjunction with Law No. 17 of 2016, which explicitly prohibit all forms of sexual violence against children. Philosophically, child protection reflects respect for human dignity; juridically, it is a constitutional mandate and statutory obligation; while sociologically, it is necessary to prevent the destruction of future generations caused by sexual violence. The urgency of this research arises from the increasing number of sexual violence cases against children and the presence of sentencing disparities, as reflected in Decision No. 21/Pid.Sus/2019/PN Pdp and Decision No. 172/Pid.Sus/2020/PN Sbs. This study aims to analyze judicial considerations in both decisions and identify their implications for victims, perpetrators, and society. The research applies a normative juridical method with statutory and case approaches, supported by primary and secondary legal materials analyzed descriptively and analytically. The findings show that judges based their rulings on Article 82 paragraph (1) of the Child Protection Law, taking into account trial evidence, psychological impacts on victims, and violated social values. However, disparities emerged: six years’ imprisonment with an IDR 800 million fine in the Pdp case, and seven years’ imprisonment with only an IDR 60 million fine in the Sbs case. Such inconsistencies undermine legal certainty and judicial legitimacy. In conclusion, although sentencing has reflected criminal accountability, a balance between retributive and restorative aspects is lacking. Clear sentencing guidelines and stronger protection and recovery measures for child victims are therefore recommended to realize substantive justice.
creator: Putra Chusnul Gustiawan
creator: Bayu Prasetyo
creator: Elviandri Elviandri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Putra Chusnul Gustiawan, Bayu Prasetyo, Elviandri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2662
ending page: 2672
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.755

IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN TANGERANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK DALAM TINDAK KEKERASAN
type: item
description: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of Regional Regulation No. 7 of 2018 concerning the Prevention of Violence against Women and Children. Specifically, the Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Agency (DP3A) of Tangerang Regency is the subject of this study. The ability to report crimes of violence against children and women is an obstacle for many victims of violence. Patriarchal culture, peer pressure, and economic limitations play a role in this. It is based on these concerns that this research was established. This qualitative descriptive study uses recording, participant observation, and interviews to collect its results. Bureaucratic structure, communication, resources, and implementer disposition are four important indicators that form George C. Edward III's policy implementation model, which is the theory applied in this study. This study found that there are still various challenges in the implementation of Regional Regulations, one of which is the lack of infrastructure resources, the lack of public understanding of violence, and the reluctance of victims to report because they still consider reporting violence to be very taboo.
creator: Tri Lulu Cahyaningtiyas
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Rizki Amilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tri Lulu Cahyaningtiyas, Try Adhi Bangsawan, Rizki Amilia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2917
ending page: 2942
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.774

HUKUM GUGUR KARENA TIGA HAL
type: item
description: This research discusses the relationship between law, power, and social resistance. The background of the research shows that a number of policies and legislative products? are considered not pro-people?and tend to benefit the rulers and businessmen, while the space for public participation in the law-making process is largely closed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of the decline in the effectiveness of the law and the role of demonstrations and a means of socio-political correction, The method used is juridical normative with a study of related theories, concept, doctines, and legislation. The results of the study show that laws can be “overturned” or lose their legitimacy due to three main factor : (1) the law itself – reflected in problematic substance and prosedures as well as the judicial review decisions of the Constitutional Court; (2) power – political influence on the formation and amendment of laws, resulting in the laws often functioning as political tools; and (3) riots of demonstrations – historical mass actions have proven effective in driving social and legal change (e.g., the proclamation of independence, the 1998 reform, the labor movement). The conclusion emphasizes that changing the law requires a combination of political effort, legal mechanisms, and mass mobilization. The recommendations stress the importance of public participation in the legislative process, the use of available legal channel, and the strengthening of social movements as the corrective to policies that harm the people.
creator: Sarino Sarino
creator: Wiwik Aswanti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sarino, Wiwik Aswanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3086
ending page: 3103
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.799

TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PEMBATALAN SITA EKSEKUSI OLEH BADAN PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSUMEN DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NO 42 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG JAMINAN FIDUSIA
type: item
description: Since the end of 2013, the Supreme Court has ruled that disputes arising from the implementation of consumer financing agreements, whether based on fiduciary agreements or collateral rights, are not considered consumer disputes. Therefore, the BPSK does not have the authority to adjudicate them. The issue addressed in this thesis is the legal validity of the cancellation of the execution of fiduciary collateral by the BPSK, as reviewed under Law No. 42 of 1999 in the Supreme Court decision No. 234/Pdt.Sus/Bpsk/2022/Pn,Pdg. How does the judge consider the fiduciary collateral executed by the creditor in the Supreme Court decision 234/Pdt.Sus/Bpsk/2022/Pn,Pdg? The research method used is normative legal research using data from various literature sources, such as books, journals, regulations, etc. Data analysis was conducted using a normative approach. The research method employed was normative legal research utilizing literature data from various books, journals, regulations, and other sources. Data analysis was conducted using a normative approach. The research findings indicate that the cancellation of the execution seizure by the BPSK contradicts the provisions of Law No. 42 of 1999 on Fiduciary Guarantees, where the creditor has preferential rights over the fiduciary object. The Supreme Court overturned the BPSK's decision, which had previously seized the collateral object, and the creditor's execution was contrary to Constitutional Court Decision No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019
creator: Duma Novianty Hutagaol
creator: Anisa Fauziah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Duma Novianty Hutagaol, Anisa Fauziah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3420
ending page: 3443
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.817

KEWAJIBAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI UNDANG-UNDANG NO 22 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN TERHADAP PENGENDARA MOTOR DIBAWAH UMUR DI KABUPATEN NGAWI
type: item
description: This thesis is entitled “Obligations and Implementation of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation for Underage Motorcyclists in Ngawi Regency”. Law Number 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Transportation strictly regulates traffic safety, including prohibiting minors from driving motor vehicles. This study uses a normative juridical method with a legislative approach, supplemented by empirical data obtained through interviews with students, parents, school officials, and police officers. The findings reveal that although the legal regulations are clearly structured, their implementation in the field has not been optimal. Low public awareness of the law, lack of parental supervision, limited access to public transportation, and weak socialization are the main obstacles. The lack of synergy among stakeholders also exacerbates the situation. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen legal socialization, consistent enforcement of regulations, provision of adequate transportation, and cross-sector cooperation to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of these regulations in everyday life
creator: Agasta Ardhya Grahita
creator: Dudik Djaja Sidarta
creator: Fitria Ayuningtyas
creator: Vallencia Nandya Paramitha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Agasta Ardhya Grahita, Dudik Djaja Sidarta, Fitria Ayuningtyas, Vallencia Nandya Paramitha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3616
ending page: 3633
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.833

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM GEN-Z KORBAN CYBERBULLYING DI PROBOLINGGO MELALUI RESTORATIVE JUSTICE (Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak)
type: item
description: The misuse of cyberbullying against Generation Z (Gen-Z) teenagers is increasing in line with the rapid development of digital technology and social media. The viral case in Probolinggo involving Luluk Nuril shows how insults, public shaming, and verbal abuse in the digital space can have serious psychological effects on victims. The urgency of this research lies in the need to assess the extent to which existing legal instruments are able to provide protection for victims of cyberbullying while offering more humane alternatives through a restorative justice approach. This study seeks to answer two main questions: what form of legal protection is available for Gen-Z teenagers who are victims of cyberbullying within the framework of Indonesian regulations, and how relevant is restorative justice as a model for resolving such cases? The method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach and case studies. Primary legal materials include the Child Protection Law, the Electronic Information and Transaction Law, the Criminal Code, and the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law. Data was collected through literature studies and analysed using normative and comparative legal methods to test the effectiveness of applicable legal protection. The results of the study show that although legal regulations exist, the implementation of protection for victims is still weak due to normative gaps, low digital literacy, and a lack of understanding among law enforcement officials. These findings confirm the need for more specific regulatory reforms regarding cyberbullying, capacity building for officials, and the application of restorative justice to ensure the best interests of victims. The conclusion of this study is that legal protection for adolescent victims of cyberbullying must be directed towards the integration of preventive, repressive, and restorative approaches. Further research is recommended to explore the implementation of restorative justice in juvenile c…
creator: Hafifah Laila Linta Alfatih
creator: Dudik Djaja Sidarta
creator: Vallencia Nandya Paramitha
creator: Renda Aranggraeni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Hafifah Laila Linta Alfatih, Dudik Djaja Sidarta, Vallencia Nandya Paramitha, Renda Aranggraeni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2436
ending page: 2447
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.731

TANGGUNGJAWAB DEVELOPER ATAS KERUGIAN KONSUMEN AKIBAT WANPRESTASI DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI RUMAH
type: item
description: A sale and purchase agreement is generally a consensual agreement, as it binds the parties upon their agreement on the essential and incidental elements of the agreement. A house sale and purchase agreement will give rise to the rights and obligations of each party and will be set out in a house sale and purchase agreement deed that will bind both parties to the agreement. The parties to the agreement are required to fulfil their respective obligations. If one party is unable or fails to perform its obligations, the other party may claim damages for the breach. The main issues are the developer's liability for consumer losses due to default in the house sale and purchase agreement and the form of legal protection for consumer losses due to developer default in the house sale and purchase agreement. The approach used in this study is a normative legal approach. The normative juridical approach uses legislation, examining all laws and regulations related to the legal issues being addressed. The conceptual approach departs from the views and doctrines that have developed in legal science. The results of the research on developer liability for consumer losses due to breach of contract in house sale and purchase agreements show that the form of legal liability that can be imposed on developers for breach of contract can cover several aspects, namely civil and criminal, depending on the problem or case involving the developer's breach of contract with the consumer. Developers have a responsibility that must be fulfilled.).
creator: Jonathan Tejakusuma
creator: Subekti Subekti
creator: Nur Handayati
creator: Wahyu Prawesthi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jonathan Tejakusuma, Subekti, Nur Handayati, Wahyu Prawesthi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2625
ending page: 2635
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.751

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS SIMBG DALAM MENINGKATKAN LAYANAN PERSETUJUAN BANGUNAN GEDUNG DI DPMPTSP KOTA SERANG
type: item
description: The Serang City Government has implemented a digital-based service system through the Building Management Information System (SIMBG) application, which is one of the updates to public facilities for submitting Building Permits (PBG), particularly for residential functions. This study aims to examine the success of SIMBG implementation in PBG permit services and identify obstacles that affect service quality at the Serang City DPMPTSP. This study uses qualitative research methods. Scientific methods to obtain information were carried out through participatory observation, structured interviews, and documentation studies. The theory used is Sondang P. Siagian's theory of effectiveness, which has three benchmarks: timeliness, accuracy, and service delivery style. Data analysis was carried out systematically to determine the suitability between the program objectives and implementation in the field. The results of the study show that SIMBG is quite effective in supporting the digitization process of PBG services, but there are still obstacles such as system instability, lack of public understanding, and limitations in internal human resources. Therefore, it is recommended that the government increase socialization, strengthen the technical capacity of officers, and ensure the stability of the SIMBG system for optimal and inclusive public services.
creator: Nurul Ulfah
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Eli Apud Saepudin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Ulfah, Try Adhi Bangsawan, Eli Apud Saepudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2866
ending page: 2876
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.771

LEGAL CERTAINTY AND CONTRACTUAL FREEDOM IN INDONESIAN CIVIL LAW: A NORMATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PRINCIPLES OF THE CIVIL CODE AND CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE
type: item
description: This paper examines the principles of legal certainty and contractual freedom in Indonesian civil law through a normative juridical analysis of the Civil Code and its application in contemporary practice. Legal certainty ensures predictability and enforceability of agreements, while contractual freedom provides parties with autonomy to establish contractual terms. However, these principles are not absolute and often exist in tension, particularly when contractual autonomy is restricted by statutory provisions, public order, morality, or consumer protection laws. By analyzing statutory frameworks, jurisprudence, and doctrinal perspectives, this study finds that Indonesian civil law seeks to harmonize these principles rather than treat them as opposites. Contemporary challenges, such as standard form contracts, digital transactions, and consumer protection, highlight the need for a balanced approach. The findings demonstrate that Indonesian civil law must uphold both legal certainty and contractual freedom in a way that respects individual autonomy while safeguarding justice, fairness, and social interests.
creator: Jaka Santosa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jaka Santosa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3200
ending page: 3215
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.795

TANGGUNG JAWAB NEGARA DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP AKTIVITAS EKONOMI PASAR: PERSPEKTIF HUKUM LINGKUNGAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
type: item
description: This study analyzes state responsibility in implementing local government policies related to economic activities in traditional markets from an environmental law perspective. The background of this research lies in the dilemma between promoting people’s economic development and the state’s constitutional duty to protect environmental sustainability as mandated by Article 33(3) and Article 28H(1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The objective of this study is to assess how the principle of state responsibility is embodied through local government policies in managing sustainable market environments. Using a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the research examines primary legal sources, including Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, Law No. 23 of 2014 on Local Government, and Law No. 18 of 2008 on Waste Management. The findings reveal that state responsibility is hierarchical and decentralized through the authority of local governments; however, implementation remains constrained by weak institutional coordination, limited budgets, and low environmental awareness among market participants. The study also finds that legal instruments such as environmental permits, Strategic Environmental Assessments, and Environmental Impact Analyses are not yet effectively applied at the traditional market level. In conclusion, strengthening local regulations, enhancing institutional capacity, and promoting community participation are essential steps to ensure that state responsibility is effectively realized in achieving economically and ecologically sustainable traditional markets
creator: Mario Randy Lengkong
creator: Melfina Lase
creator: Paulisa Gloria Br Damanik
creator: Hatita Br Sembiring
creator: Hendra Joseph Tuanakotta
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mario Randy Lengkong, Melfina Lase, Paulisa Gloria Br Damanik, Hatita Br Sembiring, Hendra Joseph Tuanakotta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3366
ending page: 3384
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.814

KEPATUHAN PENGENDARA KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI JALAN RAYA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 22 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN
type: item
description: This normative legal study analyzes the legal compliance of motor vehicle drivers within the context of Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transport. The research focuses on the disruption between ideal norms and their real-world implementation, where low legal awareness and social factors are the main obstacles. This study asserts that compliance is not merely a civil obligation but an essential aspect of citizen participation in maintaining public order. The research delves into the mechanisms of law enforcement for traffic violations, ranging from administrative fines to criminal liability. It emphasizes that the effectiveness of regulations depends heavily on three pillars: the legal substance (the Law itself), the legal structure (enforcement institutions), and the legal culture (public awareness). The strategic recommendations from this study include the digital transformation of law enforcement through electronic ticketing (e-tilang), the optimization of progressive legal education, and the adaptation of regulations to keep pace with technological advancements and mobility. Overall, these findings underscore the urgency of multi-stakeholder synergy to ensure legal certainty and traffic safety
creator: Nona D. Siwalette
creator: Nur Handayati
creator: Wahyu Prawesthi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nona D. Siwalette, Nur Handayati, Wahyu Prawesthi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3580
ending page: 3585
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.830

KEWENANGAN OPERATOR TERMINAL DALAM PENGAWASAN DAN PENINDAKAN TERHADAP ANGKUTAN LIAR
type: item
description: This research is motivated by the prevalence of illegal transportation operating without official permits within and around public terminals, disrupting order and safety in land transportation. The research problems include: (1) the authority of terminal operators in supervising illegal transportation, and (2) the legal sanctions applicable to illegal transportation within and outside the terminal. This study employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that the authority of terminal operators is administrative in nature, limited to checking administrative completeness and operational arrangements, without repressive authority to impose criminal sanctions directly. The main obstacles identified include regulatory gaps, overlapping authorities among institutions, limited facilities and human resources, and weak inter-agency coordination. This research recommends strengthening the legal basis of terminal operators’ authority, enhancing inter-agency coordination, and reformulating integrated supervision policies to achieve orderly, safe, and law-based public transportation
creator: Ugen Cahyo Widodo
creator: M.Syahrul Borman
creator: Nur Hidayati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ugen Cahyo Widodo, M.Syahrul Borman, Nur Hidayati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3868
ending page: 3898
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.848

ANALISIS YURIDIS TENTANG GUGATAN TIDAK DAPAT DIEKSEKUSI (NON-EXECUTABLE) DALAM PUTUSAN NOMOR : 23/Pdt.GS/2023/PN Idm
type: item
description: Court decisions in civil cases should provide legal certainty and restoration of rights for the winning party. However, in practice, decisions that cannot be enforced (non-executable) are often found, resulting in substantive justice failing to be realised. This phenomenon raises serious questions about the effectiveness of the judicial system, particularly in the context of dispute resolution through simple lawsuit mechanisms. This study stems from the urgency to examine the problem of unenforceable judgments, focusing on Judgment Number 23/Pdt.GS/2023/PN.Idm, in which, although the breach of contract lawsuit was granted, the verdict was not condemnatory, so enforcement could not be carried out. The main objective of this study is to analyse the legal provisions regarding unenforceable lawsuits and assess the extent to which the decision provides legal protection for the plaintiff. The research questions focus on two things, namely how the law regulates non-executable decisions and whether Decision Number 23/Pdt.GS/2023/PN.Idm has fulfilled the principle of legal protection. The research method used a normative legal approach with a case law approach. The primary legal materials were laws and regulations and court decisions, while the secondary legal materials included legal literature and expert opinions. Data was collected through literature study and analysed qualitatively with an emphasis on legal interpretation and systematic logic. The results of the study show that non-executable decisions are generally caused by weaknesses in declarative decisions, ambiguity in the subject matter of the dispute, or the subject matter being tied to a third party. The Indramayu case confirms the gap between formal legality and substantive justice. The conclusion of the study emphasises the need for clear and operational formulation of verdicts, evaluation of simple lawsuit regulations, and an increased role for judges and advocates in ensuring the effectiveness of legal prote…
creator: Mardi Jaya
creator: Wahyu Prawesti
creator: Fitri Ayuningtiyas
creator: Sri Sukmana Damayanti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mardi Jaya, Wahyu Prawesti, Fitri Ayuningtiyas, Sri Sukmana Damayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-03
publication date: 2025-09-03
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2401
ending page: 2411
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.728

PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI SARANA EDUKASI HUKUM: STUDI KASUS AKUN INSTAGRAM SPRIPIM POLDA JATIM (@spripimpoldajatim)
type: item
description: The level of legal literacy among Indonesians is still relatively low, requiring more effective educational strategies that are closely related to everyday life. In the digital age, social media has become a communication channel that can reach a wide audience quickly, interactively, and participatively. One initiative that has been undertaken is the use of the Instagram account @spripimpoldajatim by the East Java Regional Police as a means of legal education. The urgency of this research lies in the importance of understanding the effectiveness of police social media in increasing public legal awareness. The main questions of this research are how the account is used as an instrument of legal education, what types of content are used, and to what extent it is effective in building public legal literacy. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a combination of sociological and juridical perspectives. Data were collected through observation of the Instagram account content, interviews with account managers and active followers, documentation of uploaded archives, and literature studies. Data validity was strengthened through source triangulation, while data analysis was conducted using inductive, deductive, and comparative methods. The results show that @spripimpoldajatim actively presents legal education content in the form of infographics, short videos, and narratives of actual cases with a humanistic communication style. Visual and narrative strategies have been proven to increase public interaction, as evidenced by the high number of likes, comments, and shares. Content based on current issues and storytelling is the most effective format for attracting audience attention. These findings confirm that police social media can be an instrument of participatory digital legal literacy, although there are still limitations in reaching non-digital communities and risks of misperceptions of information. The conclusion of the study emphasises that the use …
creator: Baskara Febriyanu
creator: Siti Marwiyah
creator: Sri Astutik
creator: Subekti Subekti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Baskara Febriyanu, Siti Marwiyah, Sri Astutik, Subekti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2590
ending page: 2600
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.748

ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PELIMPAHAN SEBAGIAN KEWENANGAN BUPATI KEPADA CAMAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI KECAMATAN BALARAJA
type: item
description: The delegation of some of the regent's authority to the sub-district head was carried out to accelerate and facilitate public services to the community. However, in Balaraja Sub-district, problems such as slow service, lack of facilities, and minimal understanding of new tasks among officials were still found. This shows that the implementation of the policy has not been optimal as expected by the community. This study aims to determine how the policy of authority delegation is implemented in Balaraja Subdistrict, as well as the obstacles and impacts on public services. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The researcher uses Edward III's theory, which covers communication, resources, implementer attitudes, and bureaucratic structure. The results show that this policy helps bring services closer to the community, but there are still many challenges. Some of the obstacles found include a lack of competent personnel, uneven communication, and suboptimal use of technology. The conclusion of this study is that there is a need to increase employee capacity, utilize digital technology, and supervise services so that the policy of delegating authority can run better and increase public satisfaction.
creator: Anugerah Adi Trio
creator: Gatot Hartoko
creator: Eli Apud Saepudin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Anugerah Adi Trio, Gatot Hartoko, Eli Apud Saepudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2831
ending page: 2845
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.768

TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI PUBLIK BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 14 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI PUBLIK
type: item
description: Law No. 14 of 2008 on Public Information Disclosure (KIP Law) is a vital legal instrument for guaranteeing the public's right to information in order to realise transparent governance. This study examines the legal implementation of the KIP Law, focusing on analysing the implementation of public agencies' obligations and identifying factors that hinder its effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent to which the principle of information disclosure has been implemented and to identify legal obstacles in its implementation. This study is an empirical legal study using a qualitative approach. Data was obtained through a study of legislation, legal literature, and interviews with relevant parties at [Name of Public Agency/Research Location]. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive-analytical methods. The results of the study found that the implementation of PUBLIC INFORMATION DISCLOSURE LAW NUMBER 14 OF 2008 has not been fully effective. The main obstacles encountered include: (1) the suboptimal function and role of the Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID); (2) a strong bureaucratic culture that is resistant to change; and (3) a lack of understanding and commitment from public agency officials in providing information. As a result, the fulfilment of the public's right to information is often hampered. To overcome this, efforts are needed to strengthen the PPID institution, increase human resource capacity, and enforce stricter sanctions for public agencies that do not comply with the provisions of the KIP Law
creator: Dimas Wisanggeni
creator: Dudik Djaja Sidarta
creator: Fitri Ayuningtyas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dimas Wisanggeni, Dudik Djaja Sidarta, Fitri Ayuningtyas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3316
ending page: 3323
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.788

UPAYA PENANGANAN SENGKETA KEPEMILIKAN SERTIFIKAT GANDA OLEH BPN DI KABUPATEN GRESIK
type: item
description: Duplicate land certificates pose a significant challenge to Indonesia’s agrarian system, as they generate legal uncertainty and undermine land ownership rights. This issue reflects weaknesses in land administration and the lack of data integration within the National Land Agency (BPN). This study investigates the dispute resolution mechanisms applied by the Gresik Regency Land Office and evaluates the legal protection afforded to legitimate certificate holders. Employing an empirical legal method with a descriptive-qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that although BPN Gresik implements administrative procedures in line with Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 on Land Registration, shortcomings persist, particularly in the verification process and information system integration. Moreover, legal protection for holders of original certificates remains suboptimal due to limited restitution mechanisms and inconsistent regulatory enforcement. The study highlights the urgency of digital-based land administration reform, along with the need for greater transparency, accountability, and the development of fair and efficient non-litigation dispute resolution mechanisms
creator: Rizky Awaludin Bagus Sucipto
creator: Wahyu Prawesti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rizky Awaludin Bagus Sucipto, Wahyu Prawesti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-11
publication date: 2025-11-11
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3290
ending page: 3303
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.810

KEBIJAKAN KETERTIBAN DALAM TERMINAL PENUMPANG HAMID RUSDI
type: item
description: This normative legal research examines Order Policy at the Hamid Rusdi Passenger Terminal by analyzing the applicable legal framework and its implementation. The primary focus of this study is to identify and analyze the roles and authorities of the Head of the Technical Implementation Unit for the Management of Transportation Infrastructure and Road Traffic (UPT P3 LLAJ) in Malang in enforcing order at the Hamid Rusdi Passenger Terminal, as stipulated in East Java Governor Regulation No. 54 of 2018. This research also investigates the philosophical foundation of order from legal and public policy perspectives, highlighting the principles of justice, legal certainty, and utility. The findings indicate that order policy at the terminal is a vital instrument integrated within Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation (UU LLAJ). The study concludes that the enforcement of order at passenger terminals, led by strategic officials such as the Head of UPT P3 LLAJ Malang, is not merely for discipline and repressive control, but also serves as an essential public service aimed at enhancing the efficiency, safety, and comfort of transport users
creator: Safi‘i Safi‘i
creator: Ernu Widodo
creator: Muhammad Yustino Ariwibawa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Safi‘i Safi‘i, Ernu Widodo, Muhammad Yustino Ariwibawa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3548
ending page: 3554
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.827

PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KESIAPSIAGAAN BENCANA PADA DESTINASI WISATA AIR HITAM DI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
type: item
description: The Black Water Tourism Destination in Palangka Raya City is a nature-based tourist area that is highly vulnerable to various potential disasters, such as forest and land fires, floods, and water tourism accidents. These conditions require integrated disaster preparedness policies in tourism management. Local governments have a strategic role in implementing disaster preparedness policies to ensure tourist safety and the sustainability of tourist destinations. This study aims to analyze the role of local governments in implementing disaster preparedness policies at the Air Hitam Tourism Destination in Palangka Raya City, as well as to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through in-depth interviews, field observations, documentation studies, and supporting questionnaires to members of the Air Hitam Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis). Data analysis was carried out in stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that the local government plays a role as a regulator, facilitator, and coordinator in the implementation of disaster preparedness policies. The facilitative role of the local government through training, simulations, and the provision of safety facilities has been proven to increase the knowledge, skills, and awareness of Pokdarwis regarding disaster risks. However, the implementation of policies still faces obstacles in the form of limited technical regulations, suboptimal continuous cross-sector coordination, and limited resources. This study concludes that the implementation of disaster preparedness policies at the Air Hitam Tourist Destination has had a positive impact on increasing the capacity and preparedness of Pokdarwis, but still requires strengthening of regulations, coordination, and program sustainability. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for local governments…
creator: Desy Selawaty
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Desy Selawaty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3751
ending page: 3766
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.844

Strategi Ekspor Pisang Mas Kabupaten Tanggamus
type: item
description: This article aims to comprehensively examine the export potential of Pisang Mas from Tanggamus Regency to the global market. This research was conducted by identifying production capacity, analyzing the readiness of the supply chain and supporting infrastructure, and evaluating opportunities and challenges in penetrating the international market. The research methodology used is a qualitative approach with a literature study. Data were obtained through export-import statistical reports, scientific journals, and data from international trade bodies such as the ITC and FAO. A value chain analysis was conducted to map the stages of production to effective and efficient distribution. The results show that Pisang Mas Tanggamus has a competitive advantage in terms of taste and visual appearance that are in demand by international consumers but faces challenges such as limited logistics infrastructure, unmet quality standards and international certification, low export literacy among farmers and dependence on the domestic market. The conclusion of this study states that the development of Pisang Mas exports from Tanggamus Regency has great potential and is feasible with strengthening the production system, improving quality, and active involvement of stakeholders. This effort is expected to provide a significant economic impact for local farmers, strengthen Indonesia's position in the global horticultural market and contribute to increasing the country's foreign exchange.
creator: Roby Rakhmadi
creator: Luerdi Luerdi
creator: Arie Fitria
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roby Rakhmadi, Luerdi, Arie Fitria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2577
ending page: 2589
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.743

PERAN DINAS PARIWISATA DAN KEBUDAYAAN (DISPARBUD) DALAM PENINGKATAN PAD KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG (STUDI PADA OBYEK WISATA PANTAI CISIIH/PARTA BEACH KECAMATAN CIMANGGU KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG)
type: item
description: This study aims to examine the role of the Department of Tourism and Culture (Disparbud) of Pandeglang Regency in increasing local revenue (PAD) through the management of the tourism object at Cisiih Beach (Parta Beach) in Cimanggu District. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The study adopts the tourism management theory proposed by Andi Mappi Sammeng (2000), which includes three main aspects: development, institutionalization, and regulation. The findings reveal that the role of Disparbud in managing Cisiih Beach has not been optimal. Several obstacles were identified, including the lack of infrastructure, limited digital promotion, and low community involvement. Nevertheless, the tourism office has made several efforts such as internal promotions, coordination with local businesses, and environmental education for local residents. It is recommended that stronger synergy between the local government, community, and private sector be established. Additionally, the formulation of technical regulations and structured community empowerment programs are needed to ensure sustainable tourism management and contribute to the growth of local revenue in Pandeglang Regency.
creator: Mochamad Yordan Sofian
creator: Ita Rosita Wahyiah
creator: Suherman Arifin
creator: Endayani Endayani
creator: Malik Fatoni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mochamad Yordan Sofian, Ita Rosita Wahyiah, Suherman Arifin, Endayani, Malik Fatoni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2789
ending page: 2802
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.765

PERAN BADAN KEHORMATAN DALAM MENJAGA KEDISIPLINAN KEHADIRAN ANGGOTA DPRD KOTA SERANG (STUDI TENTANG MEKANISME ETIK DAN KEPATUHAN PADA RAPAT PARIPURNA)
type: item
description: This study aims to understand the role of the Honorary Council (BK) of the Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) of Serang City in maintaining the disciplinary attendance of council members, particularly in the context of plenary meetings. The background of this research stems from the significance of attendance as part of the accountability and integrity of legislative institutions. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method, focusing on ethical mechanisms, institutional role dynamics, and the challenges faced by the Badan Kehormatan in carrying out its duties. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with members of the Badan Kehormatan, DPRD members, and secretariat staff, as well as official documents related to the code of conduct and internal regulations. The findings reveal that the role of the Badan Kehormatan emphasizes moral, educational, and interpersonal approaches rather than formal-procedural enforcement. The ethical mechanisms applied are informal and adaptive but are not yet supported by a strong institutional framework. Major challenges include weak sanction regulations, the political positioning of Badan Kehormatan members, and the absence of a strong ethical culture within the DPRD. This study concludes that ethical enforcement requires the strengthening of values, institutional structures, and consistent political role models. Based on the research findings, the researchers recommend several measures, including strengthening ethical mechanisms through written SOPs, enhancing institutional capacity and ethical education at the Serang City DPRD Ethics Council, and reforming attendance regulations and institutional transparency of DPRD ethical performance. Furthermore, suggestions for future research include expanding the study context, using a qualitative-narrative or phenomenological approach, and utilizing participatory instruments such as focus group discussions (FGD) or participant observation.
creator: Amelinda Kusbandiah Wahyudi
creator: Mohamad Ikrom Arasid
creator: Luis Fiska Rahayu
creator: Wahyu Widodo
creator: Suherman Arifin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Amelinda Kusbandiah Wahyudi, Mohamad Ikrom Arasid, Luis Fiska Rahayu, Wahyu Widodo, Suherman Arifin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3011
ending page: 3025
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.781

THE ROLE OF GOOD FAITH IN COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS: A NORMATIVE ANALYSIS OF ITS INTERPRETATION AND ENFORCEMENT IN INDONESIAN BUSINESS LAW
type: item
description: This study analyzes the role of good faith (itikad baik) in commercial transactions within the framework of Indonesian business law using a normative juridical approach. Good faith, as a fundamental principle of contract law, is recognized in the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata), particularly Articles 1338 and 1339, which emphasize that contracts must be executed in good faith and in line with propriety. Despite its doctrinal importance, the interpretation and enforcement of good faith in Indonesia remain inconsistent. Judicial practice shows variations between a subjective approach—focusing on honesty of intention—and an objective approach—emphasizing fairness, reasonableness, and protection of counterpart interests. This inconsistency creates legal uncertainty and weakens business confidence. Comparative analysis with German, Dutch, and international frameworks such as the UNIDROIT Principles and CISG highlights the importance of codifying and applying good faith uniformly to promote fairness and predictability. The findings recommend clearer legislative guidelines, the adoption of objective standards, judicial consistency, and alignment with international practices to strengthen contractual stability and Indonesia’s competitiveness in global trade.
creator: Septiana Na'afi
creator: Irman Putra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Septiana Na'afi, Irman Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3230
ending page: 3241
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.807

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PENUMPANG PADA ANGKUTAN UMUM DITINJAU DARI KELAIKAN JALAN KENDARAAN BERMOTOR
type: item
description: The transportation sector plays a very vital role in community life. Passengers, as consumers or users of public transportation services, must receive good service from both the government and transportation service providers. In addition, protection of the rights of the community as passengers must also be clear. Article 48 of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transportation stipulates that every motor vehicle operating on the road must meet technical requirements and be roadworthy. Every vehicle operating on the road must undergo motor vehicle testing. A motor vehicle can be declared roadworthy if it has passed the motor vehicle test and obtained approval of the test results on the proof of periodic test completion. Motor vehicle testing can be said to be one of the efforts to provide legal protection for passengers. What is the form of legal protection for passengers in public transport that do not meet roadworthiness for motor vehicles? There needs to be an identification of the forms or efforts of legal protection in order to ensure the fulfillment of passenger rights in public transportation
creator: Sunardi Sunardi
creator: Dudi Djaja Sidarta
creator: Fitri Ayungtyas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sunardi Sunardi, Dudi Djaja Sidarta, Fitri Ayungtyas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3518
ending page: 3523
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.824

EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN SANKSI ADMINISTRATIF PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN NGAWI
type: item
description: This thesis is entitled ‘The Effectiveness of Administrative Sanctions for Traffic Violations in Raising Public Awareness in Ngawi Regency’. The high number of traffic violations, despite increased enforcement by the authorities, with 6,395 fines and 26,714 warnings recorded in 2024, indicates a low level of public legal awareness. This problem raises questions about the extent to which administrative sanctions can have a deterrent effect and encourage legal awareness. The purpose of this study is to analyse the implementation of administrative sanctions for traffic violations in Ngawi Regency and assess their effectiveness in shaping public legal awareness. This study uses a normative juridical approach supported by field data through interviews, observations, and documentation from the Ngawi Police Traffic Unit, and is analysed using Satjipto Rahardjo's progressive legal theory, which emphasises the need for a humanistic and participatory legal approach so that sanctions are not only repressive but also educational
creator: Meita Fadhilah Zahra
creator: Dudik Djaja Sidarta
creator: Vallencia Nandya Paramitha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Meita Fadhilah Zahra, Dudik Djaja Sidarta, Vallencia Nandya Paramitha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3697
ending page: 3717
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.840

TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL DALAM APLIKASI SERANG BAHAGIA: UPAYA PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI UPT DUKCAPIL KECAMATAN KRAGILAN KABUPATEN SERANG
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the implementation of digital transformation through the Serang Bahagia Application as a public service innovation at the Population and Civil Registration Technical Implementation Unit (UPT Dukcapil) in Kragilan District, Serang Regency. The background of this study is based on the community's need for fast, efficient, and transparent public services in the digital era. The research method uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation. The research analysis refers to Indrajit's (2006) theory, which emphasizes three indicators of successful digitization, namely support, capacity, and value. The results of the study show that the Serang Bahagia application has provided easy access to population services, increased the efficiency of administrative processes, and strengthened the transparency of public services. However, challenges are still encountered in the form of limited digital literacy among the elderly, uneven network infrastructure in remote areas, and a lack of intensive socialization. Nevertheless, the use of this application has had a positive impact on improving the quality of public services in Kragilan District. This study confirms that the digitization of public services through the Serang Bahagia application has great potential to improve service quality, but it needs to be optimized through improving human resource competencies, strengthening digital infrastructure, and broader socialization.
creator: Rani Mardiana
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Rizki Amilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rani Mardiana, Try Adhi Bangsawan, Rizki Amilia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2518
ending page: 2528
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.739

DAMPAK HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN PASCA OMNIBUS LAW DILANJUT PASCA PUTUSAN MK NO. 168/PUU-XXI/2023 TERHADAP PEKERJA
type: item
description: Labor laws play an important role in ensuring legal certainty and a balance of rights and obligations between workers and employers. However, the enactment of the Job Creation Law (Omnibus Law) has sparked controversy because it is considered to accommodate the interests of employers and investors more than those of workers. This study examines the impact of the Job Creation Law and Constitutional Court Decision No. 168/PUU-XXI/2023 on the conditions of workers and industrial relations in Indonesia. Using a normative legal research method, this paper highlights changes in aspects of worker protection, including termination of employment, wages, severance pay, outsourcing, and apprenticeships. On the other hand, the role of labor unions as a means of fighting for workers' rights faces strategic challenges that encourage their involvement in the political arena. The results of the analysis show that the implementation of the Omnibus Law has created legal uncertainty and weakened the bargaining position of workers. Therefore, more equitable and inclusive labor regulations are needed, which are not drafted using the omnibus method. In conclusion, ideal labor laws must be able to create harmonious and equitable industrial relations for the welfare of workers, business sustainability, and social stability.
creator: Wiwik Aswanti
creator: Hari Damono
creator: Sarino Sarino
creator: Mohamat Indrayana
creator: Heru Purdiyanto
creator: Noto Antoko
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Wiwik Aswanti, Hari Damono, Sarino, Mohamat Indrayana, Heru Purdiyanto, Noto Antoko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2748
ending page: 2757
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.759

EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM REHABILITASI SOSIAL PENANGANAN GELANDANGAN DAN PENGEMIS PADA DINAS SOSIAL KOTA SERANG
type: item
description: The issue of homelessness and begging continues to pose a significant social challenge, including in Serang City. To address this, the Serang City Social Affairs Office has implemented a Social Rehabilitation Program aimed at restoring the social functions of homeless individuals and beggars. This study evaluates the policy using William N. Dunn’s policy evaluation model, which includes six dimensions: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data gathered through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving social office staff, field officers, and program beneficiaries. The findings reveal that while the program has been relatively successful in reducing the recurrence of street begging, several obstacles remain, including limited budget allocation, lack of facilities, insufficient outreach, and a shortage of support staff. In conclusion, although the program demonstrates positive outcomes, improvements in supporting aspects are essential to ensure that the objectives of social rehabilitation are achieved more effectively and sustainably.
creator: Gibran Brilian Salman
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Eli Apud Saepudin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Gibran Brilian Salman,Try Adhi Bangsawan, Eli Apud Saepudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3026
ending page: 3044
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.778

PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DALAM PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN
type: item
description: Sustainable development is a fundamental principle that guides economic, social, and environmental policies in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the integration of sustainable development principles within the national environmental law system, particularly in the context of risk-based licensing reforms following the enactment of the Job Creation Law and Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. This research employs a normative juridical approach, combining statute, conceptual, and case approaches, supported by primary legal materials (laws and court decisions) and secondary sources (academic literature and institutional reports). The analysis was conducted qualitatively through a deductive syllogism method and grammatical, systematic, and teleological interpretation to assess the coherence between legal norms and sustainability principles. The findings indicate that although the principles of precaution, state responsibility, public participation, and polluter pay have been incorporated into Indonesia’s environmental law framework, their implementation remains formalistic and ineffective in mitigating the environmental impacts of development. The risk-based licensing regime enhances administrative efficiency but potentially weakens preventive oversight mechanisms and public transparency. Institutional weaknesses, fragmented central–local authority, and the limited use of economic instruments further constrain legal effectiveness. This study emphasizes the need for legal reform through the strengthening of strategic environmental assessment, integration of digital monitoring systems, and substantive application of the polluter pays principle. The results contribute to the advancement of ecological constitutionalism and sustainable governance frameworks within developing countries, providing practical implications for the reform of environmental legal policies toward a more equitable and sustainable development paradigm.
creator: Trifena Julia kambey
creator: Gerrard Wayne Rumayar
creator: Gabriel Imanuel Lumintang
creator: Rafanli Yakob
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Trifena Julia kambey, Gerrard Wayne Rumayar, Gabriel Imanuel Lumintang, Rafanli Yakob https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3158
ending page: 3177
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.803

TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PENGGUNA JALAN YANG MENGAKIBATKAN TERJADINYA KERUSAKAN JALAN
type: item
description: This study examines the juridical review of legal liability for road users who cause road damage in Indonesia. Using a normative legal research approach, this study analyzes the existing legal framework, specifically Law Number 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Transportation (UU LLAJ) and its related regulations. The findings indicate that road damage, often caused by over dimension over loading (ODOL) vehicles, creates a duality of responsibility. On one hand, the government, as the road operator, has a legal obligation to maintain and repair roads and can be subject to criminal sanctions for negligence. On the other hand, road users who cause damage are also liable for criminal penalties and civil compensation. Although the legal framework is robust, law enforcement remains suboptimal due to challenges like overlapping authority, budget constraints, and a lack of inter-agency coordination. Therefore, this study concludes that effective law enforcement requires synergy among institutions, the use of technology, and increased public legal awareness to create a safe and sustainable transportation system
creator: Watimah Watimah
creator: M. Syahrul Borman
creator: Nur Handayati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Watimah Watimah, M. Syahrul Borman, Nur Handayati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3496
ending page: 3504
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.821

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2004
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the concept of legal protection for women victims of domestic violence based on Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence, as well as to identify the factors that influence the effectiveness of the implementation of such legal protection in Indonesia. This research employs a normative juridical approach with qualitative analysis. The results show that legal protection for women victims of domestic violence has been comprehensively regulated in the Domestic Violence Law, covering emergency protection mechanisms, psychosocial recovery, and legal assistance services. However, its effectiveness remains hampered by several factors, including weak law enforcement, entrenched patriarchal culture, limited victim support infrastructure, and low legal literacy among women. Therefore, synergistic efforts from the state, society, and law enforcement officials are needed to realize holistic and equitable legal protection
creator: Adam Hamka Maulana
creator: Vieta Imelda Cornelis
creator: Fathul Hamdani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Adam Hamka Maulana, Vieta Imelda Cornelis, Fathul Hamdani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3809
ending page: 3818
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.837

https://www.bureaucracy.gapenas-publisher.org/index.php/home/article/view/736
type: item
title: KEBEBASAN BEREKSPRESI TERHADAP PENERAPAN PASAL 27A JO. PASAL 45 UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2024 TENTANG PERUBAHAN KEDUA ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI
description: The level of digital technology development has changed the pattern of communication in society and opened up a wide space for expression in the public sphere. However, the freedom of expression guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia often conflicts with the application of Article 27A in conjunction with Article 45 of Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law). This provision is considered to be open to multiple interpretations, potentially leading to criminalisation and causing a negative deterrent effect that reduces public participation in democracy. This study aims to answer the main question: how does the application of this article affect the protection of freedom of expression in Indonesia, and to what extent is it consistent with the principles of legality, proportionality, and human rights standards? The research method uses a normative legal approach with a qualitative design. Data was collected through a literature study of legislation, legal doctrine, court decisions, and academic literature. The analysis was conducted deductively and comparatively to assess the conformity of legal norms with enforcement practices and international standards such as the ICCPR. The results of the study show that the application of Article 27A in conjunction with Article 45 of the ITE Law still causes legal uncertainty and is often used as a repressive instrument. The cases of Jerinx SID, Baiq Nuril, and Muhammad Kace illustrate how this article is used inconsistently, sometimes ignoring the principles of legality and proportionality. These findings confirm that there is a serious gap between the constitutional protection of freedom of expression and law enforcement practices. The conclusion of this study emphasises the need for restrictive interpretation and reformulation of the articles of the ITE Law to be more in line with the principles of a democratic state based on the rule of law. Theoretically, this …
creator: Ilham Bayu Aldian Febrananda
creator: Sri Astutik
creator: Subekti Subekti
creator: Siti Marwiyah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ilham Bayu Aldian Febrananda, Sri Astutik, Subekti, Siti Marwiyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2485
ending page: 2493
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.736

PERMASALAHAN UPAH MINIMUM TENTANG HIDUP LAYAK, DAYA BELI, DAN DISPARITAS UPAH
type: item
description: Minimum Wage is the lowest monthly wage consisting of wages without allowances or basic wages and fixed allowances. The Central Government has established a wage policy as one of the efforts to realize the right of Workers/Laborers to a decent livelihood for humanity. Adjustments to the value of the Minimum Wage, both the Provincial and Regency/City Minimum Wage, are carried out every year using a calculation formula by considering and ensuring that purchasing power is not reduced. However, the comparison of the Provincial Minimum Wage and the Regency/City Minimum Wage creates a significant minimum wage disparity and creates unfair competition. Therefore, the author is interested in conducting research on "Minimum Wage Problems Regarding Decent Living, Purchasing Power, and Wage Disparity" with the aim of analyzing the problem of determining the minimum wage based on the provisions of the applicable Laws and Regulations on Minimum Wages and to solve the problem of the Minimum Wage regarding Decent Living, Purchasing Power, and Wage Disparity based on Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning Job Creation that has been amending several provisions in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower and the Constitutional Court Decision Number 168/PUU-XXI/2023 in the case of Material Testing of Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning Job Creation. The research method used in this study is normative juridical. The results of the study show that the Determination of the Minimum Wage based on the Need for a Decent Life by taking into account productivity and economic growth in accordance with Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower, only determines the Components, Types, and Quality of Decent Living Needs, but does not establish the Specification of Decent Living Needs which causes differences in each region, does not provide instructions and explanations of productivity and economic growth, causes a minimum wage disparity. The Formula for Determining the Minimum Wage based on Inflation, Econom…
creator: Mujito Mujito
creator: Slamet Abadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mujito, Slamet Abadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2673
ending page: 2696
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.756

ANALISIS PENERAPAN PRINSIP GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM PENGENDALIAN ADMINISTRASI DI SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KOTA SERANG
type: item
description: This study aims to examine how good governance values are applied in administrative control at the Serang City Regional Secretariat. The focus of the research includes the impact of implementation on efficiency and accountability, as well as supporting and inhibiting factors. Qualitative descriptive studies using interviews, observation, and documentation were used to collect data in this study. Mardiasmo's (2009) theory is used as the analytical framework, which emphasizes three main indicators of good governance: transparency, accountability, and efficiency and effectiveness. The results of this study also show that the principle of transparency has begun to be implemented through administrative information disclosure, although public access is still limited. Accountability has been realized in performance reporting, but it is not yet fully optimal due to incomplete and untimely reporting. Efficiency and effectiveness are hampered by limitations in human resources, budget, and information technology. The main supporting factors are leadership commitment and the availability of regulations, while obstacles include a work culture that is not yet accountable and weak internal supervision. This study recommends strengthening human resource capacity, digitizing administration, and improving an accountable work culture to realize a more orderly and transparent system of government.
creator: Yunita Yunita
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Eli Apud Saepudin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Yunita, Try Adhi Bangsawan, Eli Apud Saepudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2943
ending page: 2953
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.775

MEKANISME PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN HASIL BUMI BERDASARKAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT ADAT OEPERIGI KECAMATAN NOEMUTI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA
type: item
description: Indonesia is a country rich in cultural diversity. The existence of various tribes, ethnicities, religions, and groups in accordance with the constitution is stated in Article 18b paragraph 2 of the 1945 Constitution. Regarding customary life, one of the villages that often still uses the customary system is Oeperigi Village. Oeperigi Village is one of the villages that has its own customary law to resolve criminal cases that occur. One of the problems often faced by the community, especially in rural areas such as Oeperigi Village is stealing agricultural products. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the mechanism for resolving criminal acts of theft of agricultural products based on customary law in Oeperigi Village, Noemuti District, North Central Timor Regency and the purpose of the problem in this study is to find out the mechanism for resolving criminal acts of theft of agricultural products based on customary law in Oeperigi Village, Noemuti District, North Central Timor Regency. The type of research used in this study is empirical legal research, the approach method used is empirical law, the data sources used in the study are primary data obtained from direct sources using data collection methods in the form of direct interviews at the research location and secondary data through literature studies. The results of this study are the mechanism for resolving criminal acts of theft of agricultural products based on customary law in Oeperigi Village, Noemuti District, North Central Timor Regency and this settlement mechanism consists of several steps, namely a report of the case from the victim to the customary leader verbally, followed by a preparation process consisting of (summoning the parties from the perpetrator, then summoning witnesses), tracing making decisions made by the customary leader which are announced publicly, then continued with the imposition of sanctions in the form of paying fines, and finally implementing peace efforts. In…
creator: Ivena O. Luchiany Bau
creator: Dwityas Witarti Rabawati
creator: Finsensius Samara
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ivena O. Luchiany Bau, Dwityas Witarti Rabawati, Finsensius Samara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3104
ending page: 3115
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.800

ANALISA YURIDIS TERHADAP PERKARA WANPRESTASI DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI RUMAH
type: item
description: The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the decision of the Sungguminasa District Court No. 17/Pdt.G/2007/PN. Sungguminasa District Court Decision No. 17/Pdt.G/2007/PN Sungguminasa is in accordance with the facts and applicable legal provisions, and to determine and analyze the judge's decision on breach of contract in Sungguminasa District Court Decision No. 17/Pdt.G/2007/PN Sungguminasa, which applied the principle of Audi Et Alteram Partem. This study uses a normative research type supported by normative legal entities. Therefore, this research was conducted by processing legal materials obtained from various sources and literature. The results of this study describe the judge's legal considerations regarding the decision on civil case (breach of contract) No. 17/Pdt.G/2007/PN. Sungguminasa was not in accordance with the legal facts presented in the trial because it did not assess the events that occurred in their entirety regarding the physical changes to the object of the dispute, namely from type 45 to type 90, and the price increase as evidenced by the results of the local investigation and witness testimony. Thus, these changes were not taken into consideration by the judge in making the decision, as there is no obligation for a contract or agreement to be made in writing (except in formal agreements mandated by law) because as long as the requirements for a valid contract as stipulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code are met, the contract is valid even if it is only made verbally, but it is better if the contract is made in writing
creator: Aden Syah
creator: Subekti Subekti
creator: Ernu Widodo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aden Syah, Subekti Subekti, Ernu Widodo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3444
ending page: 3457
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.818

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PENUMPANG PADA ANGKUTAN UMUM
type: item
description: This normative legal research analyzes the legal protection afforded to public transport passengers in Indonesia. Grounded in the concept of a rule-of-law state (Rechtsstaat), as stipulated in Article 1 Paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, this study examines the existing legal framework—specifically Law No. 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Transportation and Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection—to understand how passenger rights are guaranteed constitutionally and implemented sectorally. Using a normative legal research approach with a focus on doctrinal analysis of legislation, the study finds that passenger legal protection originates from the legal relationship created by a carriage agreement. This relationship establishes mutual rights and obligations, with the carrier held responsible for the passenger's safety and comfort, often under the principle of strict liability. Various forms of legal protection, such as mandatory insurance schemes, dispute resolution mechanisms, and prohibitions against unfair standard clauses, serve to balance the unequal bargaining power between carriers and passengers. The research concludes that legal protection for passengers is an essential pillar for ensuring safety and justice within the transportation ecosystem. As technology advances, this protection will continue to evolve to accommodate new challenges posed by autonomous vehicles and Mobility as a Service (MaaS) systems. Therefore, it is recommended that regulations be updated proactively, law enforcement strengthened, and public education promoted to ensure that passenger rights remain protected in the future
creator: Dwi Teguh Soekarno
creator: Sri Astutik
creator: Subekti Subekti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dwi Teguh Soekarno, Sri Astutik, Subekti Subekti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3634
ending page: 3643
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.834

PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA MEREK “MARLIN” ANTARA ASTRA HONDA MOTOR (AHM) DAN TREK BICYCLE CORPORATION (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN KASASI NO. 396 K/PDT.SUS/HKI/MEREK/2024)
type: item
description: Cross-border trademark disputes are becoming increasingly complex with the rise of trade globalisation and the harmonisation of international legal standards. One notable case is the ‘Marlin’ trademark dispute between Astra Honda Motor (AHM) and Trek Bicycle Corporation, which was decided by the Supreme Court in Case No. 396 K/Pdt.Sus/HKI/Merek/2024. This dispute reflects legal issues regarding trademark registration based on the first-to-file principle, which conflicts with the principle of actual use (use requirement). This research is important to evaluate the implementation of Law No. 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications, as well as to analyse the ratio decidendi of the judges in deciding the case. The main questions raised are how the trademark law provisions were applied in this case and how the judges' considerations formed a precedent in trademark legal protection. The research method used was normative juridical with a case approach. Data were obtained through a literature study of laws and regulations, court decisions, doctrines, and related scientific literature. The analysis was conducted descriptively and analytically by linking the applicable legal norms with the legal facts from the court decisions. The results of the study show that the Commercial Court rejected Trek Bicycle Corporation's lawsuit on formal grounds, while the Supreme Court accepted the lawsuit based on Article 74 of Law No. 20 of 2016, which stipulates that trademarks that have not been used for three consecutive years can be revoked. This decision affirms the principle of actual use as a condition for legal protection of trademarks while strengthening the position of the aggrieved party. The conclusion of this study states that the ratio decidendi of the judges in the ‘Marlin’ case contributed significantly to the development of the doctrine of trademark protection in Indonesia. The implications not only strengthen legal certainty but also encourage healthy b…
creator: Awik Tamaroh
creator: Syahrul Borman
creator: Muhammad Yustino Aribawa
creator: Vieta Imelda Cornelis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Awik Tamaroh, Syahrul Borman, Muhammad Yustino Aribawa, Vieta Imelda Cornelis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2448
ending page: 2458
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.733

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS YANG MENGAKIBATKAN ORANG LAIN MENINGGAL DUNIA BERDASARKAN PUTUSAN NOMOR 73/PID.SUD/2025/PN SBY
type: item
description: A traffic accident is an unintentional accident on the road involving vehicles with or without other road users, resulting in human casualties and/or property damage. Human casualties include vehicle drivers, vehicle passengers, and/or other road users. Traffic accidents are classified into three categories: minor traffic accidents that only result in damage to vehicles/property, moderate traffic accidents that result in minor injuries and damage to vehicles/property, and finally, serious traffic accidents that result in fatalities or serious injuries. The main issue is: What is the criminal liability of the perpetrator of a traffic accident that causes the death of another person based on Case No. 73/Pid. Sus/2025/PN Sby and what are the judges' considerations in their decision on traffic accidents that result in the death of others based on Case Number 73/Pid.Sus/2025/PN Sby?. The approach used in this study is a normative juridical approach. The normative juridical approach uses legislation, examining all laws and regulations related to the legal issues being addressed. The conceptual approach departs from the views and doctrines that have developed in legal science. Research Results As a result of the defendant's negligence, the victim, Iqbaldi Radhiyallah, died. Therefore, in case number 73/Pid.Sus/2025/PN Sby, the criminal offence of driving a motor vehicle whose negligence caused a traffic accident resulting in the death of another person, the judge convicted the defendant under Article 310 paragraph (4) of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation and sentenced the defendant SI to 2 (two) years and 2 (two) months imprisonment and a fine of Rp. 6,000,000 (six million rupiah).
creator: Dedi Dwi Laksono
creator: Subekti Subekti
creator: Nur Handayati
creator: Wahyu Prawesthi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dedi Dwi Laksono, Subekti, Nur Handayati, Wahyu Prawesthi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2636
ending page: 2649
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.752

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA SERANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2010 DALAM MENANGANI PENGEMIS DI KOTA SERANG
type: item
description: The phenomenon of increasing the number of beggars in the public space of Serang City reflects the weak effectiveness of the implementation of Serang City Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2010 concerning the Prevention, Eradication, and Control of Community Diseases. This study aims to describe the implementation of the policy and identify the obstacles faced by the Regional Government in its implementation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The data collection technique was carried out through observation, interviews and documentation of informants from the Social Service, Satpol PP, beggars and the people of Serang City. The results of the study show that policy implementation is still not optimal, characterized by weak coordination between agencies, lack of human resources and budget, low intensity of socialization to the community, and low public awareness in complying with regulations. In addition, social rehabilitation programs for beggars have not been effective and tend to be charitative, so they have not touched the root of the problem. This study recommends the need to improve cross-sector coordination, optimize socialization, a sustainable empowerment approach, and firm and measurable law enforcement. These findings are expected to be evaluation material for local governments in formulating a more humane, sustainable, and participatory strategy for handling beggars
creator: Rama Handito
creator: Gatot Hartoko
creator: Eli Apud Saepudin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rama Handito, Gatot Hartoko, Eli Apud Saepudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2877
ending page: 2891
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.772

KEWENANGAN KOMISI YUDISIAL DALAM PENGUSULAN PENGANGKATAN HAKIM AGUNG DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PASAL 71 UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 17 TAHUN 2014
type: item
description: This study examines the ineffectiveness of the authority of the Judicial Commission in proposing the appointment of supreme court justices due to the practice of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia which is still conducting a fit and proper test, even though the Constitutional Court Decision Number 27/PUU-XI/2013 has limited the authority of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia to give approval. This has led to politicization in the process of appointing supreme court justices which has the potential to disrupt the independence of the judiciary. The purpose of this study is to analyze the mechanism of consideration of the House of Representatives in giving approval to candidates for supreme court justices, the existence of the Judicial Commission in proposing supreme court justices, and the effectiveness of the implementation of the authority of the Judicial Commission in relation to Article 71 of Law Number 17 of 2014. The research method uses a qualitative approach with a normative juridical method. Data was collected through literature studies and interviews, then analyzed descriptively analytically. The results of the study show that: (1) the consideration mechanism of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia still refers to old provisions that are contrary to the Constitutional Court's decision; (2) the existence of the Judicial Commission can be strengthened through the implementation of the Constitutional Court's decision No. 27/PUU-XI/2013; (3) the effectiveness of the implementation of the authority of the Judicial Commission is considered ineffective because Article 71 of the MD3 Law in practice still opens up room for political intervention. It is necessary to improve regulations and strengthen the authority of the Judicial Commission to realize the appointment of independent and qualified supreme court judges.
creator: Dini Inasyah Alfaridah
creator: Dina Aisyah Alfarijah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dini Inasyah Alfaridah,Dina Aisyah Alfarijah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3242
ending page: 3269
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.796

MODEL MANAJEMEN HUBUNGAN MASYARAKAT (HUMAS) BERBASIS WEBSITE PENGOLAHAN INFORMASI PUBLIK DI DINAS KOMUNIKASI DAN INFORMATIKA KABUPATEN BONE BOLANGO
type: item
description: This study aims to examine the Website-Based Public Relations Management Model (PR) in public information management at the Communication and Information Office of Bone Bolango Regency. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method. This study found that the applied model is not fully optimal. In terms of planning, the Agency has prepared a plan for delivering public information, mapping the needs of the community, and planning website development and how to overcome the shortage of information management human resources. This step answers problems related to the lack of human resources and public relations training that has not been routinely carried out. The organizational indicators are also quite good. The agency has established a website management team structure, dividing roles between information managers, IT teams, and public relations teams, and involving various parties in the information delivery process. However, in implementation, the results are still not optimal. Information has not been conveyed evenly, especially in blank spot areas and areas without WiFi access. Although social media and portals have been used effectively, routine training for the PR team has not yet been implemented. In the evaluation, the Agency does not yet have a comprehensive system to measure the effectiveness of information delivery, even though success indicators have been prepared. This obstacle needs to be overcome to improve the quality of public information management
creator: Abdul Kadir Pakaya
creator: Srihandayani Suprapto
creator: Muh. Firyal Akbar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Abdul Kadir Pakaya, Srihandayani Suprapto, Muh. Firyal Akbar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3385
ending page: 3402
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.815

PERAN KEPOLISIAN DALAM PENEGAKAN HUKUM TINDAK PIDANA ANAK YANG MEMAKAI NARKOBA (STUDI KASUS DI WILAYAH HUKUM POLRES NGAWI)
type: item
description: This study examines the role of Ngawi Resort Police (Polres Ngawi) in law enforcement concerning children involved in drug abuse and trafficking. Children are a vital asset for national development and require special protection from threats such as narcotics. The issue of narcotics abuse now transcends age boundaries, with children often targeted due to their impressionable curiosity. Key legal frameworks include Indonesian Law No. 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System and Indonesian Law No. 35 of 2014, an amendment to Law No. 23 of 2002, concerning Child Protection. This research aims to analyze the preventive and preemptive efforts, as well as the application of diversion, restorative justice, and rehabilitation implemented by Polres Ngawi. The findings indicate that Polres Ngawi employs legal education in schools and community-based early detection as primary preventive and preemptive measures. In handling child offenders, Polres Ngawi prioritizes diversion, restorative justice, and rehabilitation to avoid formal judicial processes and facilitate comprehensive recovery. Recommendations include strengthening cross-sectoral coordination, enhancing human resource capacity for facilitators, educating communities on alternative child handling approaches, optimizing access to rehabilitation facilities, empowering local community actors, and continuously evaluating ongoing programs
creator: Redho Rachmad Hadi Kusuma
creator: Hartoyo Hartoyo
creator: Dedi Wardana Nasoetion
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Redho Rachmad Hadi Kusuma, Hartoyo Hartoyo, Dedi Wardana Nasoetion https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3586
ending page: 3602
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.831

TINDAK PIDANA PEMELIHARAAN SATWA INVASIF TANPA IZIN PADA KASUS IKAN ALIGATOR (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Malang Nomor 286/Pip.sus/2024/PN.Mlg)
type: item
description: The phenomenon of keeping invasive species, particularly alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula), has become a serious issue in the protection of Indonesia's aquatic ecosystems. The presence of this predatory species not only threatens local biodiversity but also poses ecological risks that are difficult to reverse if released into their natural habitat. The urgency of this research lies in the weak implementation of regulations despite the clear prohibition on keeping these species as pets, as stipulated in Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation No. 19 of 2020. This study aims to examine how the court interprets the elements of the criminal act of keeping invasive species through a case study of Malang District Court Decision No. 286/Pid.Sus/2024/PN.Mlg, as well as to answer the question of the extent to which the decision reflects the principle of ecological justice. The method used is normative legal research with a conceptual and case approach. Data was collected through a review of court decisions, laws and regulations, and related scientific literature. The analysis was conducted prescriptively to examine the fulfilment of the elements of the offence, the judges' considerations, and the implications of the decision for ecosystem protection. The results of the study show that the panel of judges found all elements of the crime to be proven, including the defendant's intent to keep alligator fish without official permission. The judges applied the principle of strict liability and the principle of precaution, but the sanctions imposed were relatively light compared to the threats in the law. The discussion shows that there is a gap between normative threats and sentencing practices, so that the deterrent effect has not been achieved. These findings also confirm that the anthropocentric paradigm is still dominant in Indonesian environmental law, while ecocentric values have not been fully adopted. The conclusion of this study emphasises the need for leg…
creator: Moza Aprilya Dwi Azizah
creator: Wahyu Prawesthi
creator: Sri Sukmana Damayanti
creator: Subekti Subekti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Moza Aprilya Dwi Azizah, Wahyu Prawesthi, Sri Sukmana Damayanti, Subekti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2412
ending page: 2423
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.729

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PT. DIGITAL COMMERCE INDONESIA (KONSUMEN ANTARA) ATAS WANPRESTASI PENGIRIMAN BARANG OLEH PT. ANDIARTA MUZIZAT
type: item
description: The development of digital commerce in Indonesia has made freight forwarding services a strategic sector in supporting the smooth distribution of products. However, delivery defaults often cause significant losses, not only for end consumers but also for intermediate consumers who act as intermediaries in the distribution chain. This study stems from the urgency of legal protection for intermediate consumers, which is still rarely discussed in consumer protection law studies. The main questions asked are how logistics service providers are legally responsible for delivery defaults and what form of legal protection is available for intermediate consumers within the framework of applicable regulations. This study uses a normative legal method with a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The primary legal materials are laws and regulations such as the Civil Code, UUPK, and ITE Law, as well as South Jakarta District Court Decision Number 151/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Jak.Sel. Secondary legal materials are literature and academic publications, while tertiary legal materials are legal dictionaries and encyclopaedias. The analysis was conducted qualitatively by examining legal norms and their relevance to specific cases. The results of the study show that PT. Andiarta Muzizat was proven to have committed a breach of contract by not fulfilling its obligation to deliver goods based on COD, which resulted in material losses of Rp13.3 billion and immaterial losses in the form of a decline in the reputation of PT. Digital Commerce Indonesia. The court's decision affirmed the obligation of business actors to compensate for losses based on Article 1243 of the Civil Code and the principle of pacta sunt servanda. These findings demonstrate the need to strengthen legal protection for vulnerable consumers. The conclusion of the study emphasises that consumer protection must include consumers through the strengthening of regulations, supervision, and effective dispute …
creator: Mariana Astika
creator: Subekti Subekti
creator: Fitri Ayuningtiyas
creator: Wahyu Prawesthi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mariana Astika, Subekti, Fitri Ayuningtiyas, Wahyu Prawesthi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2601
ending page: 2612
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.749

EFEKTIVITAS STRATEGI PELATIHAN CALON TENAGA KERJA DI BALAI BESAR PELATIHAN VOKASI DAN PRODUKTIVITAS (BBPVP) SERANG
type: item
description: The purpose of this research is to assess the training strategy implemented by BBPVP Serang to maximize the training of prospective workers so that participants are fully prepared for industrial absorption. Training strategies also play a crucial role in reducing unemployment in Indonesia, particularly in Banten. This study employed qualitative methods, using techniques for data collection including observation, interviews, and documentation studies. This research utilized Sutrisno's (2010) Theory of Effectiveness, which has five indicators for assessing program effectiveness: program understanding, targeting accuracy, timeliness, goal achievement, and tangible change. The results indicate that the training program organized by BBPVP Serang is not fully effective, as evidenced by the suboptimal workforce absorption. The lack of industry involvement in developing the training strategy leads to low workforce absorption. Limited training hours also make the training less than optimal. However, there are also supporting factors that contribute to the strategy's effectiveness in workforce distribution, such as industry involvement, such as instructor involvement, training duration, and an industry-focused curriculum. This research also emphasizes how the strategy can have a more effective impact on training participants so that after the training is held, the participants can be channeled well.
creator: Ila Nursapial
creator: Gatot Hatroko
creator: Dede Qodrat Al Wajir
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ila Nursapial, Gatot Hatroko, Dede Qodrat Al Wajir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2846
ending page: 2855
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.769

PELAKSANAAN INSPEKSI RAMP CHECK ANGKUTAN UMUM DI TERMINAL TIPE B WILAYAH UPT PPP MALANG BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 22 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN
type: item
description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Ramp Check inspections conducted by the Malang PPP Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) on public transport vehicles were in accordance with Road Traffic and Transportation Law No. 22 of 2009. As mandated by law, the main objective was to determine the extent to which these inspections ensured vehicle safety and roadworthiness. Problems with human resources, equipment, and inter-agency cooperation are some of the issues revealed by this study's examination. Government Regulation No. 79 of 2013 and Ministerial Regulation No. 132 of 2015 provide a clear legal basis; however, the analysis concludes that the implementation of inspections at Malang Type B Terminal is not ideal. This report further details the existing regulatory obstacles and offers suggestions on how to strengthen the inspection system. It concludes with recommendations on how to address issues with operational processes and law enforcement to improve regulatory compliance. The ultimate goal of this study is to help improve the Ramp Check system, which will result in safer roads and better public transport in Malang
creator: Yeppy Setiawan
creator: Siti Marwiyah
creator: Ernu Widodo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Yeppy Setiawan, Siti Marwiyah, Ernu Widodo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3324
ending page: 3335
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.790

POLITIK HUKUM TERHADAP KEABSAHAN AKTA NOTARIIL RAPAT UMUM PEMEGANG SAHAM ELEKTRONIK (E-RUPS) PERUSAHAAN BERDASARKAN POJK NOMOR 16/POJK.04/2020
type: item
description: The development of information technology has driven a major transformation in corporate governance, including in the implementation of General Meetings of Shareholders (GMS) of public companies. The Financial Services Authority (OJK) issued OJK Regulation Number 16/POJK.04/2020 concerning the Implementation of Electronic General Meetings of Shareholders of Public Companies (E-GMS) in response to the need for efficiency and the extraordinary conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there are legal problems regarding the validity of notarial deeds resulting from E-GMS, particularly in the context of fulfilling the authenticity requirements as stipulated in the Notary Law (UUJN). This paper aims to analyze the validity of notarial deeds E-GMS based on the Indonesian positive legal system, as well as review the legal political aspects of the formation of the POJK. The research method used is normative legal research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that the E-RUPS deed has the potential to lose its authentic nature if it does not fulfill the requirements for the physical presence of the parties as stipulated in Article 16 paragraph (1) letter m of the UUJN, even though it is administratively recognized by the OJK. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen legal norms that guarantee the authenticity of electronic deeds in the context of digital notaries in the future.
creator: Dina Aisyah Alfarijah
creator: Dini Inasyah Alfaridah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dina Aisyah Alfarijah, Dini Inasyah Alfaridah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3336
ending page: 3357
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.812

PENCEGAHAN SECARA DINI PENGGUNAAN ZAT NARKOTIKA BAGI KALANGAN GENERASI MUDA DI KOTA MOJOKERTO
type: item
description: Objective Drug abuse is a serious threat that can destroy the younger generation as the future leaders of the nation. The city of Mojokerto, as a strategic area, is not immune to the circulation and abuse of drugs among teenagers. This study aims to analyze early prevention efforts against drug use among the younger generation in Mojokerto City, emphasizing the role of families, educational institutions, law enforcement agencies, and the community. The research method used is an empirical juridical approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study show that early prevention can be carried out through three main aspects, namely education, supervision, and synergistic law enforcement. The obstacles encountered include a lack of awareness among the younger generation, weak parental supervision, and limited rehabilitation facilities in the area. Thus, early prevention of drug abuse in Mojokerto City requires ongoing collaboration between families, schools, police, and local government
creator: Pri Agung Satriawan
creator: Noenik Soekorini
creator: Moh. Taufik
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Pri Agung Satriawan, Noenik Soekorini, Moh. Taufik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3555
ending page: 3567
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.828

PERUBAHAN KONSEPTUAL UNSUR PEMERASAN DALAM PARADIGMA KEJAHATAN SIBER
type: item
description: The rapid development of information and communication technology has transformed conventional crimes into increasingly sophisticated cyber-based offenses, particularly cyber extortion. In Indonesia, cyber extortion is primarily regulated under Article 27 paragraph (4) of Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law), as amended by Law No. 1 of 2024, alongside extortion provisions in the Criminal Code (KUHP), namely Article 368 of the old KUHP and Article 482 of the New KUHP. This shift reflects a fundamental conceptual change in the elements of extortion, where coercion is no longer limited to physical violence but extends to digital threats, such as messaging-based intimidation and sextortion through social media platforms. This study aims to examine the regulation of cyber extortion under the ITE Law and to analyze its relationship with extortion provisions in the KUHP and the New KUHP. This research employs a normative juridical method with a conceptual and statutory approach, relying on primary legal materials in the form of legislation and secondary materials such as legal literature and scholarly works. The analysis is conducted deductively to interpret the elements of cyber extortion and the application of the lex specialis derogat legi generali principle. The findings indicate that the reformulation of Article 27 paragraph (4) into Article 27B paragraph (2) of the amended ITE Law was intended to clarify legal ambiguities and distinguish cyber extortion from cyber bullying. However, the removal of certain elements and shifts in the formulation of the offense have generated new interpretative challenges and normative overlap. Furthermore, while the ITE Law should function as lex specialis for digital-based extortion, judicial practice frequently applies it cumulatively with KUHP provisions to strengthen evidentiary requirements. This study concludes that a harmonized and hybrid approach is necessary to ensure legal certainty, proport…
creator: Andi Widiatno Hummerson
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Andi Widiatno Hummerson https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3829
ending page: 3842
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.846

TINJAUAN PENGENDALIAN HAMA TIKUS PADA TANAMAN PADI MA’HAD AL-ZAYTUN PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 32 TAHUN 2024 DAN MAQASHID SYARIAH
type: item
description: Food is a basic need and a human right essential for national stability. Rice, as the primary source, plays a strategic role in Indonesia's food security. Rice production declined in 2021 due to land degradation, climate change, and pest attacks, particularly the rice field rat, which is the most destructive pest. This study evaluates ecologically based rat pest control in accordance with Law No. 32 of 2024 and the principles of maqashid sharia at Ma'had Al-Zaytun, which implements sustainable agriculture, to provide effective recommendations for increasing rice productivity and preserving the ecosystem. The purpose of this study is to examine rat pest control in rice fields at Ma'had Al-Zaytun from the perspective of Law No. 32 of 2024 and Maqashid Sharia. This research uses a normative legal approach or literature study. The data used include primary sources: Law No. 32 of 2024, the book "Bioecology and Control of Rice Field Rats" by Sudarmaji, the book "Hifdh Al-Bi’ah as part of Maqasid Al-Shari’ah: Yusuf Al-Qardawy’s perspective on the environment in Ri’ayat al-Bi’ah fi Shari’ah al-Islam book" by Ahmad Sarip Saputra, et al., the book "Panorama Maqashid Syariah" by Dr. Sutisna et al., and the book "Al-Zaytun Sumber Inspirasi" by Drs. Ch. Robin Simanullang, as well as Al-Zaytun Magazine, edition 49, 2008, and the book "Mengenal Aneka Komoditas Tanaman Pertanian di Ma'had Al-Zaytun" by Sobirin, S.P., M.Pd., et al., and strengthened by secondary data, namely journals, books, and related articles. Data were collected through finding, organizing, and editing techniques, then analyzed using content analysis methods. To ensure data validity, triangulation, member checking, and expert opinion were used. The results of this study are: (1) Control of rat pests in rice plants at Ma'had Al-Zaytun from the perspective of Article 4 of Law Number 32 of 2024 is through a strategy of conserving biological resources and ecosystems for controlling rat pests. This practice not only …
creator: Ali Sodikin
creator: Siti Ngainnur Rohmah
creator: Munawir Sajali
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ali Sodikin, Siti Ngainnur Rohmah, Munawir Sajali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2556
ending page: 2576
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.745

PARADIGMA BARU HUKUMAN MATI: ANALISIS SUBSTANTIF KUHP DAN KUHP NASIONAL
type: item
description: The death penalty is one of the principal forms of punishment that has long been implemented in the Indonesian criminal justice system. The increasing number of criminal offenses each year in Indonesia is one of the reasons behind the government's initiative to reform the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP). One of the key issues in the new KUHP Nasional (National Criminal Code) is the reformulation of death penalty provisions, which allows for the postponement of execution in cases where the convict demonstrates significant behavioral improvement. This study aims to (1) analyze the substantive regulation of the death penalty in the KUHP and the new KUHP Nasional; and (2) compare the normative approaches to the death penalty in both legal frameworks. The research employs a normative legal research method and utilizes primary legal sources in the form of statutory regulations. The findings show that the KUHP treats the death penalty as a principal punishment without providing any alternative mechanisms, while the KUHP Nasional introduces a new, more humanistic paradigm that allows for conditional abolition based on the rehabilitation of the convict’s behavior.
creator: Humam Balya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Humam Balya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2803
ending page: 2819
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.766

PERSEPSI DAN KEPATUHAN PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA TERHADAP PERATURAN DAERAH TENTANG KETERTIBAN UMUM DI KOTA BANDUNG
type: item
description: This study is motivated by the issue of street vendors’ (PKL) compliance with the Local Regulation (Perda) on Public Order in Bandung City, which often creates tension between the local government and the community. The research aims to analyze street vendors’ perceptions of the regulation, their compliance levels, and the factors influencing the relationship between the two. A mixed-method approach was applied, combining quantitative data from a 3-point Likert questionnaire distributed to 40 street vendors located in Alun-Alun Bandung, Jalan Pasteur, Cicadas, and Tegalega, with qualitative data obtained from in-depth interviews. The results indicate that the majority of street vendors hold negative perceptions of the regulation, particularly regarding fairness and its impact on their income. Quantitative findings reveal that only 25% of respondents show positive perceptions, while 75% remain negative. Compliance levels are also low: only 30% of respondents adequately follow zoning and cleanliness rules, while most often violate operating hours and stall placement. Qualitative findings further highlight that the manner of enforcement by officers and lack of effective socialization contribute to this low compliance. The study concludes that negative perceptions are directly related to lower compliance with the regulation. Therefore, it is recommended that the local government adopt a more humanistic and participatory approach, enhance regulation socialization, provide alternative business spaces, train enforcement officers in persuasive communication, and involve street vendors in the policy-making process.
creator: Putri Indah Caturi
creator: Hendrik Sudria Munawar
creator: Eky Muhammad Mufthi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Indah Caturi, Hendrik Sudria Munawar, Eky Muhammad Mufthi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3045
ending page: 3057
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.785

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA DAN PROKSIMAT PADA RUMPUT LAUT COKLAT (Sargassum sp)
type: item
description: The brown seaweed Sargassum sp., belonging to the class Phaeophyceae, is one of the most common brown algae found in the coastal waters of Fiditan Village, North Dullah District. This brown seaweed typically grows in clear waters with high salinity and good water circulation. It is widely utilized and favored by the local community. However, the phytochemical and proximate composition analyses of seaweed from this area have not yet been conducted. The purpose of this study was to analyze the phytochemical and proximate contents of the brown seaweed Sargassum sp. from the class Phaeophyceae. The research employed a laboratory experimental method, and data were analyzed descriptively using IBM SPSS version 23. The results showed that the brown seaweed contains alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, phenolics, and saponins, which are known as natural antioxidants. Meanwhile, the proximate analysis revealed that the seaweed contains 8.03% carbohydrates, 73.3% moisture, 0.45% protein, and 5.09% ash content. These values meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for fresh seaweed, indicating good quality.
creator: Nurainy Kaliky
creator: Rifaldi A Atnangar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nurainy Kaliky,Rifaldi A Atnangar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3270
ending page: 3278
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.808

PENGAWASAN ANGKUTAN UMUM DALAM TERMINAL
type: item
description: This normative juridical study analyzes the supervision of public transportation in terminals as an implementation of the state's constitutional duty to provide safe and high-quality public services. The research examines the legal basis, authority, and supervisory mechanisms regulated by Law No. 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Transport and other relevant regulations. The analysis reveals that while the regulatory framework is comprehensive, the effectiveness of field supervision faces significant challenges. Primary issues include inconsistent law enforcement, limited resources, and insufficient inter-agency coordination, all of which impede the core objectives of supervision: safety and order. These findings recommend a necessary transformation in the supervisory approach, specifically through the digitalization of processes, strengthened sanctions, and enhanced synergy among authorities. These measures are critical for addressing legal and implementation gaps, ensuring legal certainty, and protecting the rights of public transport users
creator: Sugeng Herianto
creator: Ernu Widodo
creator: Siti Marwiyah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sugeng Herianto, Ernu Widodo, Siti Marwiyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3532
ending page: 3538
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.825

https://www.bureaucracy.gapenas-publisher.org/index.php/home/article/view/842
type: item
title: DISPARITAS KEWENANGAN PENGAJUAN PERMOHONAN KEPAILITAN DAN PKPU PASCA BERLAKUNYA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2025 TENTANG BUMN STUDI KRITIS TERHADAP KEDUDUKAN DANANTARA DAN PASAL 2 AYAT (5) UNDANG-UNDANG KEPAILITAN DAN PKPU
description: This study is entitled “Disparities in the Authority to File for Bankruptcy and PKPU after the Enactment of Law Number 1 of 2025 concerning State-Owned Enterprises: A Critical Study of the Position and Article 2 Paragraph (5) of the Bankruptcy and PKPU Law”. This study was motivated by the strengthening of the state's role in the management of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) after the enactment of the 2025 SOE Law, which allows the state to have greater control over the financial management and debt restructuring of SOEs. The research method used is normative legal research, with a statute approach, case approach, and conceptual approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through library research with primary legal materials in the form of the 2025 SOE Law, Law No. 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU, as well as related court decisions; secondary legal materials in the form of books, scientific journals, academic articles, and previous research. The analysis was conducted using a prescriptive-analytical qualitative approach to assess legal norms and legal policy implications in depth. The results of the study show that after the 2025 SOE Law, there is a significant disparity in authority between SOEs and private creditors, whereby the filing of bankruptcy and PKPU petitions has become more dependent on state approval. This creates legal uncertainty for creditors, potential moral hazard incentives for SOE managers, and the risk of undermining the principles of equality before the law and fair business competition. In terms of legal politics, state dominance can lead to a shift in interests from private rights to national stability, which requires transparent mechanisms and clear legal procedures. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the legal treatment of SOEs must be proportional, maintaining a balance between public interests and private creditor rights, and minimizing legal and market distortions. This study presents a new perspective on the…
creator: Doni Romdoni Saputra
creator: Fenny Wulandari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Doni Romdoni Saputra, Fenny Wulandari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3718
ending page: 3733
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.842

ANALISIS PENERAPAN PRINSIP GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI DESA NARIMBANG MULIA KECAMATAN RANGKASBITUNG
type: item
description: The results of the study show that the principles of accountability, openness, and rule of law have been implemented quite well, although there are still weaknesses in terms of transparency, particularly in the use of village websites, which have not been optimally utilized as a means of digital public service. Factors supporting implementation include effective communication, the availability of competent human resources, the honest and democratic attitude of officials, clear SOP-based program mechanisms, and an organizational structure that supports village governance. Meanwhile, the obstacles found include internal barriers such as the lack of understanding of good governance principles among officials and a lack of discipline during working hours, as well as external barriers in the form of low community participation and limited community understanding of technology-based services.
creator: Siti Maryanti
creator: Try Adhi Bangsawan
creator: Rizki Amilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Maryanti, Try Adhi Bangsawan, Rizki Amilia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2529
ending page: 2543
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.740

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI BURUH DALAM KASUS PEMUTUSAN HUBUNGAN KERJA YANG TERTUNDA DI PT. ASCOT DIKAITKAN DENGAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG PENYELESAIAN PERSELISIHAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL
type: item
description: This study discusses the process of termination of employment (PHK) for reasons of retirement at PT Ascot and legal protection for the fulfillment of workers' rights based on the provisions of the applicable labor law in Indonesia. This study uses a normative juridical approach by examining laws and regulations such as Law Number 13 of 2003, Perppu on Job Creation, and Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021. The findings of the study show that the layoff process carried out by PT Ascot does not pay attention to the principle of fairness in compensation, where workers who have reached retirement age receive compensation that is equal to other workers. This is contrary to the positive legal provisions that give greater rewards to workers with long working periods. The study also emphasizes the importance of government oversight and the role of unions in ensuring the rights of retired workers. This study contributes to strengthening the legal protection of elderly workers and encouraging fair labor practices.
creator: Aan Tirta Gandana
creator: Agus Hendrayana
creator: Dainsyah Dainsyah
creator: Dian Amalia Dewi
creator: Yudha Permana Sidiq
creator: A. Kamil Razak
creator: Yeti Kurniati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aan Tirta Gandana, Agus Hendrayana, Dainsyah, Dian Amalia Dewi Yudha Permana Sidiq, A. Kamil Razak, Yeti Kurniati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2758
ending page: 2777
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.761

PENGARUH PENGHAPUSAN AMBANG BATAS PENCALONAN PRESIDEN (PRESIDENTIAL THRESHOLD) TERHADAP SISTEM PEMILU STUDI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 62/PUU-XXII/2024
type: item
description: This research is motivated by the existence of a provision for the threshold for presidential candidacy in Article 222 of Law Number 7 of 2017 which regulates the minimum requirement of 20% of the House of Representatives seats or 25% of the national valid votes for political parties to nominate the president. This provision is considered to limit the participation of small parties and cause electoral injustice. The Constitutional Court, which previously consistently rejected the testing of Article 222, through Decision Number 62/PUU-XXII/2024 finally canceled the article because it was considered to violate the principle of people's sovereignty and cause intolerable political inequality. This research uses a normative juridical method with a legislative, case, and conceptual approach, as well as analyzing primary and secondary legal materials. The results of the study show that the Constitutional Court can test norms in the realm of open legal policy if it is proven to be contrary to the constitution. Although only as a negative legislator, the Court also provides normative recommendations as a guide for the House of Representatives to draft replacement regulations, such as the elimination of vote-based or seat-based thresholds, as well as involving small parties in the formation of laws. This ruling creates a legal vacuum that must be immediately responded to by lawmakers to maintain legal certainty ahead of the 2029 election. This research emphasizes the importance of consistency in the legal reasoning of the Constitutional Court and the need for public involvement in the formulation of new norms so that electoral democracy in Indonesia is maintained.
creator: Krisno Jatmiko
creator: Ferika Nurfransiska
creator: Sutiyani Sutiyani
creator: Vingky Dwi Putra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Krisno Jatmiko, Ferika Nurfransiska, Sutiyani, Vingky Dwi Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 2975
ending page: 2990
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.779

HAK MASYARAKAT UNTUK MEMPEROLEH KEPASTIAN HUKUM TERKAIT PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the legal certainty of citizens’ rights concerning environmental pollution in Indonesia within the framework of national law and its enforcement practices. The research is motivated by the increasing number of pollution cases and the limited effectiveness of legal protection for affected communities, despite Indonesia’s environmental law framework having adopted the polluter pays, precautionary, and strict liability principles. The study employs a normative juridical method using statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. Primary legal materials include the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 32 of 2009, Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021, and Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2023, all analyzed qualitatively and descriptively through systematic and teleological interpretation. The findings indicate that environmental law enforcement in Indonesia remains dominated by administrative actions (61%), while civil and criminal avenues show low effectiveness due to weak scientific evidence, poor interagency coordination, and limited investigative capacity. The implementation of risk-based licensing and alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, such as online dispute resolution, represents a positive innovation; however, their application remains uneven across sectors and regions. The lack of public participation and transparency in environmental data exacerbates legal uncertainty and weakens both governmental and corporate accountability. This study highlights the need to integrate national legal norms, international principles, and digital technology to strengthen the effectiveness of environmental law enforcement. The findings imply the importance of institutional reform, improved access to justice, and the acceleration of legal modernization toward an equitable and sustainable environmental governance system.
creator: Yoan B. Runtunuwu
creator: Yunarti M. Lasube
creator: Alya Rahel Manangkot
creator: Debora Stevani Kaawoan
creator: Chessy Avril Manganang
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Yoan B. Runtunuwu, Yunarti M. Lasube, Alya Rahel Manangkot, Debora Stevani Kaawoan, Chessy Avril Manganang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3178
ending page: 3199
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.804

ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PUTUSAN HAKIM DALAM TINDAK PIDANA PEMALSUAN SURAT (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN PN PANGKALAN BUN NOMOR: 255/PID.B/2020/PN PBU)
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the application of substantive criminal law and the judge’s considerations in deciding cases of forgery of COVID-19 rapid-test certificates as reflected in the Decision of the Pangkalan Bun District Court Number 255/Pid.B/2020/PN Pbu. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and case approaches. The findings indicate that the judges have considered the elements of forgery as stipulated in Article 263 of the Indonesian Criminal Code and imposed punishment based on principles of justice and legal certainty. The analysis also highlights the challenges of law enforcement during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the emergence of new crime patterns such as health document forgery
creator: Khoirul Umam
creator: Hartoyo Hartoyo
creator: Sri Sukmana D
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Khoirul Umam, Hartoyo Hartoyo, Sri Sukmana D https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3505
ending page: 3512
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.822

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI OPERATOR TERMINAL DALAM MENGHADAPI PENGADUAN ATAS KECELAKAAN DAN KERUGIAN DI AREA TERMINAL
type: item
description: This study aims to examine legal liability and forms of legal protection for terminal operators in dealing with complaints regarding accidents and losses within the terminal area. The research method used is normative, employing statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that the liability of terminal operators may arise from negligence or strict liability. Complaints filed by service users are often not only administrative in nature but may also develop into legal disputes. Therefore, terminal operators must be able to perform their role as mediators in non-litigation dispute resolution. Legal protection for operators can be carried out through preventive measures such as the implementation of SOPs and MSS, as well as repressive measures through mediation and legal assistance. In addition, within the context of consumer protection and traffic insurance systems, terminal operators also play a role in supporting the restoration of victims’ rights. This study concludes that terminal operators occupy a strategic position between legal liability and the need for balanced legal protection
creator: Anselmus Dhake
creator: Subekti Subekti
creator: Sri Astutik
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Anselmus Dhake, Subekti Subekti, Sri Astutik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 5
number: 3
starting page: 3819
ending page: 3828
doi: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.838